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259
src/mcpdotnet/Protocol/Transport/StdioTransport.cs
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259
src/mcpdotnet/Protocol/Transport/StdioTransport.cs
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// Protocol/Transport/StdioTransport.cs
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namespace McpDotNet.Protocol.Transport;
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using System.Diagnostics;
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using System.Text;
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using System.Text.Json;
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using System.Threading;
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using McpDotNet.Protocol.Messages;
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using McpDotNet.Utils.Json;
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/// <summary>
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/// Represents configuration options for the stdio transport.
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/// </summary>
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public record StdioTransportOptions
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{
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public required string Command { get; set; }
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public string[]? Arguments { get; set; } = Array.Empty<string>();
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public string? WorkingDirectory { get; set; }
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public Dictionary<string, string>? EnvironmentVariables { get; set; }
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public TimeSpan ShutdownTimeout { get; init; } = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Implements the MCP transport protocol over standard input/output streams.
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/// </summary>
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public sealed class StdioTransport : TransportBase
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{
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private readonly StdioTransportOptions _options;
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private readonly JsonSerializerOptions _jsonOptions;
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private Process? _process;
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private Task? _readTask;
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private CancellationTokenSource? _shutdownCts;
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private bool _processStarted;
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/// <summary>
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/// Initializes a new instance of the StdioTransport class.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="options">Configuration options for the transport.</param>
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public StdioTransport(StdioTransportOptions options)
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{
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_options = options;
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_jsonOptions = new JsonSerializerOptions().ConfigureForMcp();
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}
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/// <inheritdoc/>
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public override async Task ConnectAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
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{
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if (IsConnected)
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{
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throw new McpTransportException("Transport is already connected");
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}
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try
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{
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_shutdownCts = new CancellationTokenSource();
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var startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
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{
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FileName = _options.Command,
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UseShellExecute = false,
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RedirectStandardInput = true,
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RedirectStandardOutput = true,
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RedirectStandardError = true,
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CreateNoWindow = true,
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WorkingDirectory = _options.WorkingDirectory ?? Environment.CurrentDirectory,
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};
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if (_options.Arguments != null)
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{
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foreach (var arg in _options.Arguments)
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{
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startInfo.ArgumentList.Add(arg);
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}
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}
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if (_options.EnvironmentVariables != null)
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{
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foreach (var (key, value) in _options.EnvironmentVariables)
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{
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startInfo.Environment[key] = value;
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}
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}
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_process = new Process { StartInfo = startInfo };
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// Set up error logging
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_process.ErrorDataReceived += (sender, args) =>
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{
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if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(args.Data))
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{
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Debug.WriteLine($"MCP Server Error: {args.Data}");
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}
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};
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if (!_process.Start())
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{
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Debug.WriteLine("Failed to start MCP server process");
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throw new McpTransportException("Failed to start MCP server process");
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}
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_processStarted = true;
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_process.BeginErrorReadLine();
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// Start reading messages in the background
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_readTask = Task.Run(async () => await ReadMessagesAsync(_shutdownCts.Token));
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SetConnected(true);
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}
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catch (Exception ex)
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{
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await CleanupAsync(cancellationToken);
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throw new McpTransportException("Failed to connect transport", ex);
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}
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}
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/// <inheritdoc/>
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public override async Task SendMessageAsync(IJsonRpcMessage message, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
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{
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if (!IsConnected || _process?.HasExited == true)
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{
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throw new McpTransportException("Transport is not connected");
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}
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try
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{
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var json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(message, _jsonOptions);
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// Write the message followed by a newline
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await _process!.StandardInput.WriteLineAsync(json.AsMemory(), cancellationToken);
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await _process.StandardInput.FlushAsync();
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}
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catch (Exception ex)
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{
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throw new McpTransportException("Failed to send message", ex);
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}
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}
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/// <inheritdoc/>
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public override async ValueTask DisposeAsync()
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{
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await CleanupAsync(CancellationToken.None);
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GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
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}
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private async Task ReadMessagesAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
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{
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try
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{
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using var reader = _process!.StandardOutput;
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while (!cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested && !_process.HasExited)
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{
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Debug.WriteLine("Reading message...");
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var line = await reader.ReadLineAsync(cancellationToken);
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if (line == null)
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{
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break;
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}
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if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(line))
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{
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continue;
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}
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Debug.WriteLine($"Received stdio message: {line}");
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try
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{
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var message = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<IJsonRpcMessage>(line, _jsonOptions);
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if (message != null)
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{
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await WriteMessageAsync(message, cancellationToken);
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}
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}
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catch (JsonException ex)
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{
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Debug.WriteLine($"Failed to parse message: {ex.Message}");
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// Continue reading even if we fail to parse a message
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}
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}
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Debug.WriteLine("Exiting read loop");
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}
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catch (OperationCanceledException)
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{
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// Normal shutdown
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}
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catch (Exception ex)
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{
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Debug.WriteLine($"Error reading messages: {ex}");
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}
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finally
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{
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Debug.WriteLine("Entering ReadMessages cleanup");
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await CleanupAsync(cancellationToken);
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Debug.WriteLine("Completed ReadMessages cleanup");
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}
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}
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private async Task CleanupAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
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{
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if (_process != null && _processStarted && !_process.HasExited)
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{
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try
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{
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// Try to close stdin to signal the process to exit
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_process.StandardInput.Close();
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// Wait for the process to exit
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if (!_process.WaitForExit((int)_options.ShutdownTimeout.TotalMilliseconds))
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{
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// If it doesn't exit gracefully, terminate it
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_process.Kill(true);
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}
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}
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catch (Exception ex)
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{
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Debug.WriteLine($"Error during cleanup: {ex}");
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}
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_process.Dispose();
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_process = null;
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}
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_shutdownCts?.Cancel();
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_shutdownCts?.Dispose();
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_shutdownCts = null;
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if (_readTask != null)
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{
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try
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{
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await _readTask.WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5), cancellationToken);
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}
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catch (TimeoutException)
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{
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Debug.WriteLine("Cleanup timeout waiting for read task");
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// Continue with cleanup
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}
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catch (OperationCanceledException)
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{
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// Ignore cancellation
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}
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catch (Exception ex)
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{
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Debug.WriteLine($"Error waiting for read task: {ex}");
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}
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_readTask = null;
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}
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SetConnected(false);
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}
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}
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