csharp-sdk/tests/ModelContextProtocol.Tests/Client/McpHeaderEncoderTests.cs

using ModelContextProtocol.Protocol;

namespace ModelContextProtocol.Tests.Client;

public class McpHeaderEncoderTests
{
    [Theory]
    [InlineData("us-west1", "us-west1")]
    [InlineData("hello-world", "hello-world")]
    [InlineData("my_tool_name", "my_tool_name")]
    [InlineData("us west 1", "us west 1")]
    [InlineData("", "")]
    public void EncodeValue_PlainAscii_PassesThrough(string input, string expected)
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue(input);
        Assert.Equal(expected, result);
    }

    [Theory]
    [InlineData(" us-west1", "=?base64?IHVzLXdlc3Qx?=")]
    [InlineData("us-west1 ", "=?base64?dXMtd2VzdDEg?=")]
    [InlineData(" us-west1 ", "=?base64?IHVzLXdlc3QxIA==?=")]
    [InlineData("\tindented", "=?base64?CWluZGVudGVk?=")]
    public void EncodeValue_LeadingTrailingWhitespace_Base64Encodes(string input, string expected)
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue(input);
        Assert.Equal(expected, result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void EncodeValue_NonAsciiCharacters_Base64Encodes()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue("日本語");
        Assert.Equal("=?base64?5pel5pys6Kqe?=", result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void EncodeValue_NewlineCharacter_Base64Encodes()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue("line1\nline2");
        Assert.Equal("=?base64?bGluZTEKbGluZTI=?=", result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void EncodeValue_CarriageReturnNewline_Base64Encodes()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue("line1\r\nline2");
        Assert.Equal("=?base64?bGluZTENCmxpbmUy?=", result);
    }

    [Theory]
    [InlineData(true, "true")]
    [InlineData(false, "false")]
    public void EncodeValue_Boolean_ConvertsToLowercase(bool input, string expected)
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue(input);
        Assert.Equal(expected, result);
    }

    [Theory]
    [InlineData(42, "42")]
    [InlineData(0, "0")]
    [InlineData(-1, "-1")]
    public void EncodeValue_Integer_ConvertsToString(object input, string expected)
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue(input);
        Assert.Equal(expected, result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void EncodeValue_Null_ReturnsNull()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue(null);
        Assert.Null(result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void EncodeValue_UnsupportedType_ReturnsNull()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue(new object());
        Assert.Null(result);
    }

    [Theory]
    [InlineData("us-west1", "us-west1")]
    [InlineData("", "")]
    public void DecodeValue_PlainAscii_ReturnsAsIs(string input, string expected)
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue(input);
        Assert.Equal(expected, result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void DecodeValue_Null_ReturnsNull()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue(null);
        Assert.Null(result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void DecodeValue_ValidBase64_Decodes()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue("=?base64?SGVsbG8=?=");
        Assert.Equal("Hello", result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void DecodeValue_DegenerateWrapper_ReturnsLiteralValue()
    {
        // "=?base64?=" matches both the prefix "=?base64?" and the suffix "?=" because they
        // overlap on the shared '?', but it is too short to contain any base64 content. It must be
        // returned as-is rather than throwing when the wrapper is stripped.
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue("=?base64?=");
        Assert.Equal("=?base64?=", result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void DecodeValue_CaseSensitivePrefix_ReturnsLiteralValue()
    {
        // Per SEP-2243: sentinel markers are case-sensitive and MUST appear exactly as shown (lowercase).
        // An uppercase prefix should NOT be decoded as base64.
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue("=?BASE64?SGVsbG8=?=");
        Assert.Equal("=?BASE64?SGVsbG8=?=", result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void DecodeValue_InvalidBase64_ReturnsNull()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue("=?base64?SGVs!!!bG8=?=");
        Assert.Null(result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void DecodeValue_ValidBase64ButInvalidUtf8_ReturnsNull()
    {
        // "//4=" is valid Base64 that decodes to the bytes 0xFF 0xFE, which are not valid UTF-8.
        // A strict decoder must reject this rather than substituting U+FFFD replacement characters.
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue("=?base64?//4=?=");
        Assert.Null(result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void DecodeValue_MissingPrefix_ReturnsLiteralValue()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue("SGVsbG8=");
        Assert.Equal("SGVsbG8=", result);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void DecodeValue_MissingSuffix_ReturnsLiteralValue()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue("=?base64?SGVsbG8=");
        Assert.Equal("=?base64?SGVsbG8=", result);
    }

    [Theory]
    [InlineData("us-west1")]
    [InlineData("Hello, 世界")]
    [InlineData(" padded ")]
    [InlineData("line1\nline2")]
    [InlineData("\tindented")]
    [InlineData("a\tb")]
    public void RoundTrip_EncodeDecode_PreservesValue(string original)
    {
        var encoded = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue(original);
        Assert.NotNull(encoded);

        var decoded = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue(encoded);
        Assert.Equal(original, decoded);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void EncodeValue_EmbeddedTab_Base64Encodes()
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue("col1\tcol2");
        Assert.StartsWith("=?base64?", result);
        Assert.EndsWith("?=", result);

        // Verify round-trip
        var decoded = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue(result);
        Assert.Equal("col1\tcol2", decoded);
    }

    [Theory]
    [InlineData("=?base64?literal?=")]
    [InlineData("=?base64?SGVsbG8=?=")]
    [InlineData("=?base64??=")]
    public void EncodeValue_SentinelCollision_Base64Encodes(string input)
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue(input);
        Assert.NotNull(result);
        Assert.StartsWith("=?base64?", result);
        Assert.EndsWith("?=", result);

        // The encoded value must be different from the input to avoid ambiguity
        Assert.NotEqual(input, result);

        // Verify round-trip: decode must recover the original literal value
        var decoded = McpHeaderEncoder.DecodeValue(result);
        Assert.Equal(input, decoded);
    }

    [Theory]
    [InlineData("=?BASE64?literal?=")]   // Case-sensitive: uppercase prefix does not match sentinel
    [InlineData("=?base64?start")]       // Missing suffix: no sentinel match
    [InlineData("end?=")]                // Missing prefix: no sentinel match
    [InlineData("plain-text")]           // No sentinel pattern
    public void EncodeValue_NonSentinelPattern_NotBase64Encoded(string input)
    {
        var result = McpHeaderEncoder.EncodeValue(input);
        Assert.Equal(input, result);
    }
}