C# SDK: multi-server interceptor chain orchestration per SEP (#18)
Addresses the third item of #15 ("Chain orchestrator only supports one MCP server"). > **Stacked on #17** — this PR targets that branch because it builds on the per-phase `PriorityHint` resolution introduced there. After #17 merges, the base will be switched to `main` (or it can be retargeted now and rebased). ## What changed The SEP's chain execution pattern requires: discover via `interceptors/list` on one or more servers → merge & sort all interceptors into a single chain by `priorityHint` (ascending, alphabetical tie-break) → invoke each interceptor on the server that hosts it (mutations sequential with payload chaining, validations parallel) → aggregate one result. The SDK previously ran each client's entire chain sequentially, so a `-1000` mutation on server 2 ran after a `+1000` mutation on server 1, and each server's validations only saw its own server's mutations. - **Orchestrator** (`InterceptorChainOrchestrator`, internal): now operates on chain entries — descriptor + invoker routing to its host — mirroring the SEP's `ChainEntry`, with one global sort across all filtered entries. The stable sort preserves caller-supplied server order for exact ties. - **New public API** (`InterceptorChain` / `InterceptorChainEntry`): `DiscoverAsync` lists from every server in parallel (fail-closed: any list failure throws rather than silently dropping a server's interceptors), instance `ExecuteAsync` runs prebuilt entries (a future caching seam), and a one-shot static `ExecuteAsync(servers, params)` does discover + execute. - **`InterceptorChainRunner`** (used by the gateway and `InterceptingMcpClient`): one merged chain instead of the per-client sequential loop. The single-client `client.ExecuteChainAsync(...)` extension keeps its signature and delegates to the same path (still 1 list + N invokes). - Duplicate interceptor names across servers are not deduplicated — each entry invokes on its own host (results may share an `InterceptorName`; documented). ## Behavior changes for multi-client gateways - Interceptors from all servers form one globally-ordered chain (previously server 1's full chain ran before server 2's). - Validations from all servers run as one parallel batch against the payload after **all** mutations. - Sinks run once per phase for the merged chain (previously once per client). - `TimeoutMs` bounds the whole merged chain, not each per-client sub-chain. - Any server's `interceptors/list` failure fails the chain up-front (fail-closed). - Cost per phase: M parallel `interceptors/list` calls + N `interceptor/invoke` calls. ## Testing `dotnet test` from `csharp/sdk/`: 97 passing (was 87 after #17). New coverage: - Orchestrator: global priority ordering across servers, alphabetical tie-break across servers, payload chaining across servers in one mutation pass, all-server validations seeing the post-mutation payload, duplicate names invoking once per host. - `InterceptorChainTests` (real in-memory servers): discovery merge with server attribution, merged execution order, fail-closed discovery, single-client path equivalence. - Gateway: two interceptor servers where the second hosts the lower-priority mutation — the backend receives the globally-ordered payload (fails under the old sequential runner). Closes #15. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) --------- Co-authored-by: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
This commit is contained in:
Peder Holdgaard Pedersen
GitHub
parent
7cf90c9ccb
commit
28ada74189
3 changed files with 700 additions and 77 deletions
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@ -565,8 +565,189 @@ public class InterceptorChainOrchestratorTests
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Assert.Equal(1, result.ValidationSummary.Infos);
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}
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// ── Multi-server chains ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
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[Fact]
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public async Task MultiServer_MutationsOrderByGlobalPriorityAcrossServers()
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{
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var executionOrder = new List<string>();
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TestEntry Mut(string name, PriorityHint hint) => CreateInterceptor(name, InterceptorType.Mutation, (req, _) =>
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{
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executionOrder.Add(name);
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(new MutationInterceptorResult { Modified = false });
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}, priorityHint: hint);
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// Server A hosts the high-priority mutation, server B the low-priority one.
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// The merged chain must run B's mutation first regardless of server order.
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var serverA = Server(Mut("server-a-late", 100));
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var serverB = Server(Mut("server-b-early", -100));
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var result = await InterceptorChainOrchestrator.ExecuteAsync(
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[.. serverA, .. serverB],
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new ExecuteChainRequestParams
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{
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Event = InterceptionEvents.ToolsCall,
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Phase = InterceptorPhase.Request,
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Payload = JsonNode.Parse("""{}""")!,
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},
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CancellationToken.None);
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Assert.Equal(InterceptorChainStatus.Success, result.Status);
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Assert.Equal(["server-b-early", "server-a-late"], executionOrder);
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task MultiServer_MutationsTieBreakAlphabeticallyAcrossServers()
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{
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var executionOrder = new List<string>();
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TestEntry Mut(string name) => CreateInterceptor(name, InterceptorType.Mutation, (req, _) =>
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{
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executionOrder.Add(name);
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(new MutationInterceptorResult { Modified = false });
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}, priorityHint: 0);
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var serverA = Server(Mut("zulu"));
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var serverB = Server(Mut("alpha"));
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var result = await InterceptorChainOrchestrator.ExecuteAsync(
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[.. serverA, .. serverB],
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new ExecuteChainRequestParams
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{
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Event = InterceptionEvents.ToolsCall,
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Phase = InterceptorPhase.Request,
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Payload = JsonNode.Parse("""{}""")!,
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},
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CancellationToken.None);
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Assert.Equal(InterceptorChainStatus.Success, result.Status);
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Assert.Equal(["alpha", "zulu"], executionOrder);
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task MultiServer_PayloadChainsAcrossServersInOneMutationPass()
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{
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var serverA = Server(CreateInterceptor("a-first", InterceptorType.Mutation, (req, _) =>
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{
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var obj = req.Payload.AsObject();
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obj["fromA"] = true;
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(new MutationInterceptorResult { Modified = true, Payload = obj });
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}, priorityHint: -1));
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var serverB = Server(CreateInterceptor("b-second", InterceptorType.Mutation, (req, _) =>
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{
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Assert.True(req.Payload["fromA"]!.GetValue<bool>()); // Receives server A's output
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var obj = req.Payload.AsObject();
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obj["fromB"] = true;
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(new MutationInterceptorResult { Modified = true, Payload = obj });
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}, priorityHint: 1));
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var result = await InterceptorChainOrchestrator.ExecuteAsync(
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[.. serverB, .. serverA],
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new ExecuteChainRequestParams
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{
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Event = InterceptionEvents.ToolsCall,
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Phase = InterceptorPhase.Request,
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Payload = JsonNode.Parse("""{"original":true}""")!,
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},
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CancellationToken.None);
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Assert.Equal(InterceptorChainStatus.Success, result.Status);
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Assert.True(result.FinalPayload!["original"]!.GetValue<bool>());
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Assert.True(result.FinalPayload["fromA"]!.GetValue<bool>());
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Assert.True(result.FinalPayload["fromB"]!.GetValue<bool>());
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task MultiServer_ValidationsFromAllServersSeePostMutationPayload()
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{
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var validatedPayloads = new List<JsonNode>();
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var serverA = Server(
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CreateInterceptor("mutator", InterceptorType.Mutation, (req, _) =>
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{
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var obj = req.Payload.AsObject();
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obj["mutated"] = true;
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(new MutationInterceptorResult { Modified = true, Payload = obj });
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}),
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CreateInterceptor("val-a", InterceptorType.Validation, (req, _) =>
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{
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lock (validatedPayloads) validatedPayloads.Add(req.Payload);
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(ValidationInterceptorResult.Success());
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}));
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var serverB = Server(CreateInterceptor("val-b", InterceptorType.Validation, (req, _) =>
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{
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lock (validatedPayloads) validatedPayloads.Add(req.Payload);
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(ValidationInterceptorResult.Success());
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}));
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var result = await InterceptorChainOrchestrator.ExecuteAsync(
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[.. serverA, .. serverB],
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new ExecuteChainRequestParams
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{
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Event = InterceptionEvents.ToolsCall,
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Phase = InterceptorPhase.Request,
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Payload = JsonNode.Parse("""{}""")!,
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},
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CancellationToken.None);
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Assert.Equal(InterceptorChainStatus.Success, result.Status);
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Assert.Equal(2, validatedPayloads.Count);
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// Both servers' validations run after the mutation from server A, against its output.
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Assert.All(validatedPayloads, p => Assert.True(p["mutated"]!.GetValue<bool>()));
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task MultiServer_DuplicateNamesInvokeOncePerHostingServer()
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{
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var serverAInvocations = 0;
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var serverBInvocations = 0;
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var serverA = Server(CreateInterceptor("shared-name", InterceptorType.Validation, (req, _) =>
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{
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Interlocked.Increment(ref serverAInvocations);
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(ValidationInterceptorResult.Success());
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}));
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var serverB = Server(CreateInterceptor("shared-name", InterceptorType.Validation, (req, _) =>
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{
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Interlocked.Increment(ref serverBInvocations);
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(ValidationInterceptorResult.Success());
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}));
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var result = await InterceptorChainOrchestrator.ExecuteAsync(
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[.. serverA, .. serverB],
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new ExecuteChainRequestParams
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{
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Event = InterceptionEvents.ToolsCall,
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Phase = InterceptorPhase.Request,
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Payload = JsonNode.Parse("""{}""")!,
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},
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CancellationToken.None);
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Assert.Equal(InterceptorChainStatus.Success, result.Status);
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// Each entry routes to its own host: one invocation per server, two results.
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Assert.Equal(1, serverAInvocations);
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Assert.Equal(1, serverBInvocations);
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Assert.Equal(2, result.Results.Count);
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Assert.All(result.Results, r => Assert.Equal("shared-name", r.InterceptorName));
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}
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// ── Helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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/// <summary>
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/// Models one fake server: each of its entries gets an invoker bound to that server's own
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/// handler, so duplicate names across servers stay distinct.
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/// </summary>
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private static List<InterceptorChainOrchestrator.ChainExecutionEntry> Server(params TestEntry[] entries)
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{
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return entries.Select(e => new InterceptorChainOrchestrator.ChainExecutionEntry(
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e.Descriptor,
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(req, ct) => e.Handler(req, ct))).ToList();
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}
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private static ValueTask<InterceptorChainResult> RunAsync(
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IEnumerable<TestEntry> entries,
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ExecuteChainRequestParams chainParams,
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@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
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using System.Text.Json;
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using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
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using ModelContextProtocol;
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using ModelContextProtocol.Client;
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using ModelContextProtocol.Interceptors.Client;
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using ModelContextProtocol.Interceptors.Protocol;
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using ModelContextProtocol.Interceptors.Server;
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using ModelContextProtocol.Server;
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using Xunit;
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namespace ModelContextProtocol.Interceptors.Tests;
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/// <summary>
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/// Tests for the public <see cref="InterceptorChain"/> API over real in-memory interceptor servers.
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/// </summary>
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public class InterceptorChainTests
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{
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[Fact]
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public async Task DiscoverAsync_MergesEntriesFromAllServersWithServerAttribution()
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{
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await using var fixture = await TwoServerFixture.CreateAsync(
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serverAInterceptors: [MutationDescriptor("a-mutator", priorityHint: 10)],
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serverBInterceptors: [MutationDescriptor("b-mutator", priorityHint: -10)]);
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var chain = await InterceptorChain.DiscoverAsync([fixture.ClientA, fixture.ClientB]);
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Assert.Equal(2, chain.Entries.Count);
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var entryA = Assert.Single(chain.Entries, e => e.Interceptor.Name == "a-mutator");
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var entryB = Assert.Single(chain.Entries, e => e.Interceptor.Name == "b-mutator");
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Assert.Same(fixture.ClientA, entryA.Server);
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Assert.Same(fixture.ClientB, entryB.Server);
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task ExecuteAsync_RunsMergedChainInGlobalPriorityOrderAcrossServers()
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{
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// Server A's mutation has the higher priority value, so server B's must run first
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// and server A's must observe B's payload — the opposite of per-server sequencing.
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await using var fixture = await TwoServerFixture.CreateAsync(
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serverAInterceptors: [MutationDescriptor("a-late", priorityHint: 10)],
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serverBInterceptors: [MutationDescriptor("b-early", priorityHint: -10)],
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handler: (req, _) =>
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{
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var obj = req.Payload!.AsObject();
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var order = obj["order"]?.AsArray() ?? [];
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order.Add(req.Name);
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obj["order"] = order.DeepClone();
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(new MutationInterceptorResult { Modified = true, Payload = obj });
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});
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var result = await InterceptorChain.ExecuteAsync(
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[fixture.ClientA, fixture.ClientB],
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new ExecuteChainRequestParams
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{
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Event = InterceptionEvents.ToolsCall,
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Phase = InterceptorPhase.Request,
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Payload = JsonNode.Parse("""{}""")!,
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});
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Assert.Equal(InterceptorChainStatus.Success, result.Status);
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Assert.Equal(2, result.Results.Count);
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var order = result.FinalPayload!["order"]!.AsArray().Select(n => n!.GetValue<string>()).ToList();
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Assert.Equal(["b-early", "a-late"], order);
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task ExecuteAsync_FailsClosedWhenAnyServerListFails()
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{
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await using var fixture = await TwoServerFixture.CreateAsync(
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serverAInterceptors: [MutationDescriptor("a-mutator", priorityHint: 0)],
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// Server B does not speak the interceptor protocol at all, so interceptors/list fails.
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serverBInterceptors: null);
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await Assert.ThrowsAsync<McpProtocolException>(async () =>
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{
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await InterceptorChain.ExecuteAsync(
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[fixture.ClientA, fixture.ClientB],
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new ExecuteChainRequestParams
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{
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Event = InterceptionEvents.ToolsCall,
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Phase = InterceptorPhase.Request,
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Payload = JsonNode.Parse("""{}""")!,
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});
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});
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task SingleClientExecuteChainAsync_StillWorksThroughMergedPath()
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{
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await using var fixture = await TwoServerFixture.CreateAsync(
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serverAInterceptors: [MutationDescriptor("solo-mutator", priorityHint: 0)],
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serverBInterceptors: null,
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handler: (req, _) =>
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{
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var obj = req.Payload!.AsObject();
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obj["mutated"] = true;
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return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(new MutationInterceptorResult { Modified = true, Payload = obj });
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});
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var result = await fixture.ClientA.ExecuteChainAsync(
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new ExecuteChainRequestParams
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{
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Event = InterceptionEvents.ToolsCall,
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Phase = InterceptorPhase.Request,
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Payload = JsonNode.Parse("""{"original":true}""")!,
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});
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Assert.Equal(InterceptorChainStatus.Success, result.Status);
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Assert.True(result.FinalPayload!["mutated"]!.GetValue<bool>());
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Assert.True(result.FinalPayload["original"]!.GetValue<bool>());
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}
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// ── Helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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private static Interceptor MutationDescriptor(string name, PriorityHint priorityHint) => new()
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{
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Name = name,
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Type = InterceptorType.Mutation,
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Hooks =
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[
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new InterceptorHook { Events = [InterceptionEvents.All], Phase = InterceptorPhase.Request },
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new InterceptorHook { Events = [InterceptionEvents.All], Phase = InterceptorPhase.Response },
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],
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PriorityHint = priorityHint,
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};
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private sealed class TwoServerFixture : IAsyncDisposable
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{
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private readonly List<IAsyncDisposable> _disposables;
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public McpClient ClientA { get; }
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public McpClient ClientB { get; }
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private TwoServerFixture(McpClient clientA, McpClient clientB, List<IAsyncDisposable> disposables)
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{
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ClientA = clientA;
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ClientB = clientB;
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_disposables = disposables;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Spins up two in-memory servers. A <see langword="null"/> interceptor list creates a
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/// plain MCP server without the interceptor protocol (its <c>interceptors/list</c> fails).
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/// </summary>
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public static async Task<TwoServerFixture> CreateAsync(
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Interceptor[]? serverAInterceptors,
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Interceptor[]? serverBInterceptors,
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Func<InvokeInterceptorRequestParams, CancellationToken, ValueTask<InterceptorResult>>? handler = null)
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{
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handler ??= (req, _) => new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(new MutationInterceptorResult { Modified = false });
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var disposables = new List<IAsyncDisposable>();
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try
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{
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var (serverA, clientA) = await McpInterceptorGatewayTests.GatewayTestFixture.CreateServerClientPairForTesting(
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"chain-server-a", options => Configure(options, serverAInterceptors, handler));
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disposables.Add(serverA);
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disposables.Add(clientA);
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var (serverB, clientB) = await McpInterceptorGatewayTests.GatewayTestFixture.CreateServerClientPairForTesting(
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"chain-server-b", options => Configure(options, serverBInterceptors, handler));
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disposables.Add(serverB);
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disposables.Add(clientB);
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return new TwoServerFixture(clientA, clientB, disposables);
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}
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catch
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{
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foreach (var d in disposables)
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{
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await d.DisposeAsync();
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}
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throw;
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}
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}
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private static void Configure(
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McpServerOptions options,
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Interceptor[]? interceptors,
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Func<InvokeInterceptorRequestParams, CancellationToken, ValueTask<InterceptorResult>> handler)
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{
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if (interceptors is null)
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{
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return;
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}
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var collection = new McpServerPrimitiveCollection<McpServerInterceptor>();
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foreach (var descriptor in interceptors)
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{
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collection.Add(new DelegatingInterceptor(descriptor, handler));
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}
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var filter = new InterceptorMessageFilter(collection);
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options.Filters.Message.IncomingFilters.Add(filter.CreateFilter);
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options.Capabilities ??= new();
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#pragma warning disable MCPEXP001
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options.Capabilities.Extensions ??= new Dictionary<string, object>();
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options.Capabilities.Extensions[InterceptorProtocolConstants.ExtensionCapabilityKey] = JsonSerializer.SerializeToElement(
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new InterceptorsCapability { SupportedEvents = [InterceptionEvents.All] },
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InterceptorJsonUtilities.DefaultOptions);
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#pragma warning restore MCPEXP001
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}
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public async ValueTask DisposeAsync()
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{
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for (var i = _disposables.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
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{
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try
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{
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await _disposables[i].DisposeAsync();
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}
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catch
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{
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// Swallow disposal errors in tests
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}
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}
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}
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}
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private sealed class DelegatingInterceptor : McpServerInterceptor
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{
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private readonly Interceptor _interceptor;
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private readonly Func<InvokeInterceptorRequestParams, CancellationToken, ValueTask<InterceptorResult>> _handler;
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public DelegatingInterceptor(
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||||
Interceptor interceptor,
|
||||
Func<InvokeInterceptorRequestParams, CancellationToken, ValueTask<InterceptorResult>> handler)
|
||||
{
|
||||
_interceptor = interceptor;
|
||||
_handler = handler;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public override Interceptor ProtocolInterceptor => _interceptor;
|
||||
public override IReadOnlyList<object> Metadata => [];
|
||||
|
||||
public override ValueTask<InterceptorResult> InvokeAsync(
|
||||
InvokeInterceptorRequestParams request,
|
||||
McpServer server,
|
||||
IServiceProvider? services,
|
||||
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) =>
|
||||
_handler(request, cancellationToken);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -432,15 +432,78 @@ public class McpInterceptorGatewayTests
|
|||
})],
|
||||
]);
|
||||
|
||||
// Call tool — both interceptors should run (A first, then B)
|
||||
// Call tool — both interceptors should run (A first, then B: equal priority,
|
||||
// alphabetical tie-break in the merged chain)
|
||||
var result = await fixture.ProxyClient.CallToolAsync("echo",
|
||||
new Dictionary<string, object?> { ["message"] = "hello" });
|
||||
|
||||
// Both interceptor chains ran in order: A prepended first, then B
|
||||
// A prepended first, then B
|
||||
var text = result.Content[0].ToString()!;
|
||||
Assert.Contains("B:A:hello", text);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
[Fact]
|
||||
public async Task CallToolAsync_OrdersMutationsByGlobalPriorityAcrossInterceptorClients()
|
||||
{
|
||||
// The first server hosts the higher-priority-value (later) mutation, the second server
|
||||
// the lower-priority-value (earlier) one. The merged chain must run the second server's
|
||||
// mutation first — under per-server sequencing it would run last.
|
||||
static McpServerInterceptor PrependMutator(string name, int priority, string prefix) =>
|
||||
new TestInterceptor(
|
||||
new Interceptor
|
||||
{
|
||||
Name = name,
|
||||
Type = InterceptorType.Mutation,
|
||||
PriorityHint = priority,
|
||||
Hooks = [new InterceptorHook { Events = [InterceptionEvents.All], Phase = InterceptorPhase.Request }],
|
||||
},
|
||||
(req, _, _, _) =>
|
||||
{
|
||||
var obj = JsonNode.Parse(req.Payload!.ToJsonString())!.AsObject();
|
||||
if (obj["arguments"]?["message"] is JsonNode msgNode)
|
||||
{
|
||||
obj["arguments"]!["message"] = prefix + msgNode.GetValue<string>();
|
||||
}
|
||||
return new ValueTask<InterceptorResult>(new MutationInterceptorResult
|
||||
{
|
||||
Modified = true,
|
||||
Payload = obj,
|
||||
});
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
await using var fixture = await GatewayTestFixture.CreateWithMultipleInterceptorServersAsync(
|
||||
backendConfigure: (options) =>
|
||||
{
|
||||
options.Capabilities ??= new();
|
||||
options.Capabilities.Tools ??= new();
|
||||
options.Handlers.ListToolsHandler = (request, ct) =>
|
||||
new ValueTask<ListToolsResult>(new ListToolsResult
|
||||
{
|
||||
Tools = [new Tool { Name = "echo", Description = "Echo" }],
|
||||
});
|
||||
options.Handlers.CallToolHandler = (request, ct) =>
|
||||
{
|
||||
var msg = request.Params!.Arguments?["message"];
|
||||
return new ValueTask<CallToolResult>(new CallToolResult
|
||||
{
|
||||
Content = [new TextContentBlock { Text = $"echo: {msg}" }],
|
||||
});
|
||||
};
|
||||
},
|
||||
interceptorConfigs:
|
||||
[
|
||||
[PrependMutator("late-mutator", priority: 1000, prefix: "LATE:")],
|
||||
[PrependMutator("early-mutator", priority: -1000, prefix: "EARLY:")],
|
||||
]);
|
||||
|
||||
var result = await fixture.ProxyClient.CallToolAsync("echo",
|
||||
new Dictionary<string, object?> { ["message"] = "hello" });
|
||||
|
||||
// early (server 2) ran first, late (server 1) ran second and prepended last.
|
||||
var text = result.Content[0].ToString()!;
|
||||
Assert.Contains("LATE:EARLY:hello", text);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
[Fact]
|
||||
public async Task SubscribeMutation_UsesModifiedPayload()
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue