internal: fix Unicode zero character handling (#841)

A fix was submitted to our dependency, tests added to validate the
problematic scenario.

We also added some fuzz tests to check for additional issues, none were
found.

go.mod

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.3.1
 	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0
 	github.com/google/jsonschema-go v0.4.2
-	github.com/segmentio/encoding v0.5.3
+	github.com/segmentio/encoding v0.5.4
 	github.com/yosida95/uritemplate/v3 v3.0.2
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.35.0
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.42.0

go.sum

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ github.com/google/jsonschema-go v0.4.2 h1:tmrUohrwoLZZS/P3x7ex0WAVknEkBZM46iALbc
 github.com/google/jsonschema-go v0.4.2/go.mod h1:r5quNTdLOYEz95Ru18zA0ydNbBuYoo9tgaYcxEYhJVE=
 github.com/segmentio/asm v1.1.3 h1:WM03sfUOENvvKexOLp+pCqgb/WDjsi7EK8gIsICtzhc=
 github.com/segmentio/asm v1.1.3/go.mod h1:Ld3L4ZXGNcSLRg4JBsZ3//1+f/TjYl0Mzen/DQy1EJg=
-github.com/segmentio/encoding v0.5.3 h1:OjMgICtcSFuNvQCdwqMCv9Tg7lEOXGwm1J5RPQccx6w=
-github.com/segmentio/encoding v0.5.3/go.mod h1:HS1ZKa3kSN32ZHVZ7ZLPLXWvOVIiZtyJnO1gPH1sKt0=
+github.com/segmentio/encoding v0.5.4 h1:OW1VRern8Nw6ITAtwSZ7Idrl3MXCFwXHPgqESYfvNt0=
+github.com/segmentio/encoding v0.5.4/go.mod h1:HS1ZKa3kSN32ZHVZ7ZLPLXWvOVIiZtyJnO1gPH1sKt0=
 github.com/yosida95/uritemplate/v3 v3.0.2 h1:Ed3Oyj9yrmi9087+NczuL5BwkIc4wvTb5zIM+UJPGz4=
 github.com/yosida95/uritemplate/v3 v3.0.2/go.mod h1:ILOh0sOhIJR3+L/8afwt/kE++YT040gmv5BQTMR2HP4=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.35.0 h1:Mv2mzuHuZuY2+bkyWXIHMfhNdJAdwW3FuWeCPYN5GVQ=

internal/json/json_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 package json
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
@@ -61,3 +64,111 @@ func TestUnmarshalCaseSensitivity(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestUnmarshalNullCharacter(t *testing.T) {
+	type Target struct {
+		Field string `json:"field"`
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		json string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "null char in middle",
+			json: `{"fi\u0000eld": "value"}`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "null char at end",
+			json: `{"field\u0000": "value"}`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "null char at start",
+			json: `{"\u0000field": "value"}`,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var got Target
+			if err := Unmarshal([]byte(tt.json), &got); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Unmarshal failed: %v", err)
+			}
+			if got.Field != "" {
+				t.Errorf("Field was set: %s", tt.json)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func FuzzUnmarshalKeyComparison(f *testing.F) {
+	// Add seed corpus for expected valid key and the known problematic cases.
+	f.Add("field")
+	f.Add("FIELD")
+	f.Add("field\x00")
+
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, key string) {
+		// Generate valid JSON with the fuzzed key.
+		// json.Encoder ensures the key is properly escaped (e.g. \x00 becomes \u0000).
+		var buf bytes.Buffer
+		enc := json.NewEncoder(&buf)
+		enc.SetEscapeHTML(false)
+		if err := enc.Encode(key); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		encodedKey := buf.Bytes()
+		jsonData := fmt.Sprintf(`{%s: "value"}`, encodedKey)
+
+		type Target struct {
+			Field string `json:"field"`
+		}
+
+		var got Target
+		if err := Unmarshal([]byte(jsonData), &got); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		if got.Field == "value" && key != "field" {
+			t.Errorf("Unmarshal matched key %q (JSON: %s) to field 'field'", key, encodedKey)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func FuzzUnmarshalFieldIsolation(f *testing.F) {
+	// Add seed corpus.
+	f.Add("other", "value")
+	f.Add("safe", "overwrite")
+	f.Add("safe\x00", "attack")
+
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, key, val string) {
+		// Generate valid JSON with the fuzzed key and value.
+		var buf bytes.Buffer
+		enc := json.NewEncoder(&buf)
+		enc.SetEscapeHTML(false)
+		if err := enc.Encode(key); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		encodedKey := buf.Bytes()
+		buf.Reset()
+		if err := enc.Encode(val); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		encodedVal := buf.Bytes()
+
+		jsonData := fmt.Sprintf(`{"safe": "value", %s: %s}`, encodedKey, encodedVal)
+
+		type Target struct {
+			Safe string `json:"safe"`
+		}
+
+		var got Target
+		if err := Unmarshal([]byte(jsonData), &got); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		if got.Safe != "value" && key != "safe" {
+			t.Errorf("Field 'safe' improperly modified by key %q (JSON: %s). Got %q, want %q", key, encodedKey, got.Safe, "value")
+		}
+	})
+}