diff --git a/clients/web/src/test/integration/mcp/inspectorClient-skills.test.ts b/clients/web/src/test/integration/mcp/inspectorClient-skills.test.ts
index d6c4f11e..48cea122 100644
--- a/clients/web/src/test/integration/mcp/inspectorClient-skills.test.ts
+++ b/clients/web/src/test/integration/mcp/inspectorClient-skills.test.ts
@@ -143,15 +143,34 @@ describe("Skills extension over a real transport (#2234)", () => {
         const connected = await connect(started.url, modern, {
           "io.modelcontextprotocol/skills": false,
         });
-        await expect(connected.listSkills()).rejects.toThrow(
-          /requires the client to declare io\.modelcontextprotocol\/skills/,
-        );
-        await expect(
+        // The wire code is the assertion, not just the message: the two eras
+        // name this refusal differently, and a fixture sliding back to a
+        // semantically different error must fail here. Modern is SEP-2575's
+        // `-32021` MissingRequiredClientCapability listing the missing
+        // extension; legacy has no such code and stays `-32601`.
+        const expected = modern
+          ? {
+              code: -32021,
+              data: {
+                requiredCapabilities: {
+                  extensions: { "io.modelcontextprotocol/skills": {} },
+                },
+              },
+            }
+          : { code: -32601 };
+        const refusals = [
+          connected.listSkills(),
           connected.getSkill("skill://data-analysis/SKILL.md"),
-        ).rejects.toThrow(/requires the client to declare/);
-        await expect(
           connected.readResourceDirectory("skill://data-analysis"),
-        ).rejects.toThrow(/requires the client to declare/);
+        ];
+        for (const refusal of refusals) {
+          await expect(refusal).rejects.toMatchObject({
+            ...expected,
+            message: expect.stringMatching(
+              /requires the client to declare io\.modelcontextprotocol\/skills/,
+            ),
+          });
+        }
         // A skill file is an ordinary resource and stays readable.
         const read = await connected.readResource(
           "skill://data-analysis/reference.md",
diff --git a/clients/web/src/test/integration/mcp/skills-strict-configs.test.ts b/clients/web/src/test/integration/mcp/skills-strict-configs.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8902371a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/clients/web/src/test/integration/mcp/skills-strict-configs.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, afterEach } from "vitest";
+import path from "node:path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { InspectorClient } from "@inspector/core/mcp/inspectorClient.js";
+import { createTransportNode } from "@inspector/core/mcp/node/transport.js";
+import { eraToVersionNegotiation } from "@inspector/core/mcp/types.js";
+import {
+  createTestServerHttp,
+  type TestServerHttp,
+  loadConfig,
+  resolveConfig,
+} from "@modelcontextprotocol/inspector-test-server";
+
+/**
+ * Live coverage of the two checked-in strict Skills configs (#2373) — the
+ * documented manual reproduction of a server that enforces the client's half
+ * of SEP-2133 negotiation.
+ *
+ * `inspectorClient-skills.test.ts` exercises the fixture behavior by passing
+ * `skillsRequireClientExtension` straight to `createTestServerHttp`, so it
+ * never touches the JSON-to-`ServerConfig` mapping. A misspelled key in either
+ * file, or a `resolveConfig` that stopped threading the flag, would leave the
+ * manual fixtures quietly permissive while that suite stayed green. These
+ * tests **resolve the checked-in files** and assert the refusal they exist
+ * for, so that class fails here instead.
+ */
+const configsDir = path.resolve(
+  path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+  "../../../../../../test-servers/configs",
+);
+
+const CONFIGS = [
+  { file: "skills-strict-legacy-http.json", era: "legacy" as const },
+  { file: "skills-strict-modern-http.json", era: "modern" as const },
+];
+
+describe("strict Skills showcase configs (#2373)", () => {
+  let client: InspectorClient | null = null;
+  let server: TestServerHttp | null = null;
+
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    if (client) {
+      try {
+        await client.disconnect();
+      } catch {
+        // ignore
+      }
+      client = null;
+    }
+    if (server) {
+      try {
+        await server.stop();
+      } catch {
+        // ignore
+      }
+      server = null;
+    }
+  });
+
+  for (const { file, era } of CONFIGS) {
+    describe(file, () => {
+      const configPath = path.join(configsDir, file);
+
+      it("resolves with the strict flag, skills, and its era intact", () => {
+        const resolved = resolveConfig(loadConfig(configPath));
+        expect(resolved.skills).toBe(true);
+        expect(resolved.skillsRequireClientExtension).toBe(true);
+        // One file per era is the documented contract: a legacy client
+        // reaching a modern server is served statelessly and cannot be
+        // checked, so the legacy file must not turn the modern leg on.
+        expect(resolved.modern !== undefined).toBe(era === "modern");
+      });
+
+      it("refuses skills/list to a client that did not declare the extension", async () => {
+        // The harness picks the port rather than the config's fixed one, so
+        // this cannot collide with a showcase server someone runs by hand.
+        const resolved = resolveConfig(loadConfig(configPath));
+        const started = createTestServerHttp({ ...resolved, port: undefined });
+        await started.start();
+        server = started;
+
+        const connected = new InspectorClient(
+          { type: "streamable-http", url: started.url },
+          {
+            environment: { transport: createTransportNode },
+            versionNegotiation: eraToVersionNegotiation(era),
+            advertisedExtensions: { "io.modelcontextprotocol/skills": false },
+          },
+        );
+        await connected.connect();
+        client = connected;
+        expect(connected.getProtocolEra()).toBe(era);
+
+        await expect(connected.listSkills()).rejects.toMatchObject({
+          code: era === "modern" ? -32021 : -32601,
+        });
+      });
+    });
+  }
+});
diff --git a/docs/test-servers.md b/docs/test-servers.md
index 2b65a999..87718044 100644
--- a/docs/test-servers.md
+++ b/docs/test-servers.md
@@ -86,10 +86,13 @@ declaration and passed against this fixture regardless
 ([#2373](https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/inspector/issues/2373)).
 `skills-strict-legacy-http.json` (port 3232) and
 `skills-strict-modern-http.json` (port 3233) add
-`"skillsRequireClientExtension": true`, which answers `skills/list`,
-`skills/get` and `resources/directory/read` with `-32601` unless the client
-declared it (skill files still come through ordinary `resources/read`, which
-needs no extension). ⚠️ **Connect each with its own era.** A modern request
+`"skillsRequireClientExtension": true`, which refuses `skills/list`,
+`skills/get` and `resources/directory/read` unless the client declared it
+(skill files still come through ordinary `resources/read`, which needs no
+extension). The refusal differs by era: a **modern** request gets SEP-2575's
+`-32021` MissingRequiredClientCapability (HTTP 400) with the Skills extension
+under `data.requiredCapabilities`; a **legacy** one, whose era has no such code,
+gets `-32601`. ⚠️ **Connect each with its own era.** A modern request
 carries the declaration in its `_meta` envelope; a legacy one relies on what
 `initialize` declared, which only a stateful legacy server keeps. A legacy
 client reaching the modern file is served statelessly, holds no declaration,
diff --git a/test-servers/src/skills.ts b/test-servers/src/skills.ts
index 4ef3a9db..b65a3b8a 100644
--- a/test-servers/src/skills.ts
+++ b/test-servers/src/skills.ts
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
 import * as z from "zod/v4";
 import {
   CLIENT_CAPABILITIES_META_KEY,
+  MissingRequiredClientCapabilityError,
   ProtocolError,
   ProtocolErrorCode,
   type McpServer,
@@ -747,15 +748,24 @@ function assertClientDeclaredSkills(
   method: string,
   envelope: ReceivedEnvelope,
 ): void {
+  const modernCapabilities = envelope?.[CLIENT_CAPABILITIES_META_KEY];
   const capabilities =
-    envelope?.[CLIENT_CAPABILITIES_META_KEY] ??
-    mcpServer.server.getClientCapabilities();
-  if (!hasSkillsExtension(capabilities)) {
-    throw new ProtocolError(
-      ProtocolErrorCode.MethodNotFound,
-      `${method} requires the client to declare ${SKILLS_EXTENSION_KEY} in its capabilities`,
+    modernCapabilities ?? mcpServer.server.getClientCapabilities();
+  if (hasSkillsExtension(capabilities)) return;
+  const message = `${method} requires the client to declare ${SKILLS_EXTENSION_KEY} in its capabilities`;
+  // The two eras name this refusal differently. SEP-2575 gives a modern
+  // request that needs an undeclared capability its own code, `-32021`
+  // MissingRequiredClientCapability (HTTP 400), carrying the missing
+  // capabilities in `data.requiredCapabilities` so the client can see what to
+  // declare. `-32601` there would claim the method does not exist. The legacy
+  // era has no such code, so a legacy refusal stays `-32601`.
+  if (modernCapabilities !== undefined) {
+    throw new MissingRequiredClientCapabilityError(
+      { requiredCapabilities: { extensions: { [SKILLS_EXTENSION_KEY]: {} } } },
+      message,
     );
   }
+  throw new ProtocolError(ProtocolErrorCode.MethodNotFound, message);
 }
 
 /**