MCP Inspector

A developer tool for inspecting Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers. It ships as a single package, @modelcontextprotocol/inspector, that provides three ways to inspect a server:

• Web — a Vite + React + Mantine single-page app with a Node backend.
• CLI — a scriptable command-line client for automation, CI, and fast agent feedback loops.
• TUI — an interactive terminal UI built with Ink.

All three run through one global mcp-inspector binary:

npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector          # web UI (default)
npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector --cli    # CLI
npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector --tui    # TUI

Repo status. This is the v2 line of the Inspector (branch v2/main). The main branch is the legacy v1 implementation (bug fixes only). v2 will eventually replace main. See AGENTS.md for branch/board conventions.

Project layout

v2 is not an npm workspace. Each client under clients/* keeps its own package.json and node_modules; shared code lives in core/ and is consumed via a @inspector/core build-time alias (no package.json of its own). A single npm install at the root cascades installs into every client (see Setup).

inspector/
├── clients/
│   ├── web/          # Web client (Vite + React + Mantine). src/ = browser app; server/ = Node dev/prod backend
│   ├── cli/          # CLI client (tsup bundle, @inspector/core alias)
│   ├── tui/          # TUI client (Ink + React, tsup bundle)
│   └── launcher/     # Shared launcher — provides the `mcp-inspector` bin, dispatches to web/cli/tui
├── core/             # Shared code consumed via the `@inspector/core` alias (no package.json)
│   ├── auth/         # OAuth: providers, discovery, storage, mid-session recovery (browser/node/remote backends)
│   ├── json/         # JSON + parameter/argument conversion utilities
│   ├── logging/      # Silent pino logger singleton
│   ├── mcp/          # InspectorClient runtime, state stores, transports, config import
│   ├── react/        # React hooks over the state stores
│   └── storage/      # File I/O helpers for the OAuth persist backends
├── test-servers/     # Composable MCP test servers + fixtures used by integration tests
├── scripts/          # Root build/verify tooling (install cascade, smokes, verify-build-gate, pack:verify)
├── specification/    # Design/build specifications
├── AGENTS.md         # Contribution rules for agents AND humans (see below)
└── README.md         # You are here

Each client has its own README with client-specific detail: web · cli · tui · launcher.

Task-oriented guides live under docs/ — see Reviewing an MCP App, the CLI-first → one-shot-web recipe for automated App-tool review: --app-info probe → deep-link navigate → rendered widget, plus OAuth handoff and proxy support.

Setup

Requires Node >=22.19.0.

npm install     # root install; postinstall cascades into every client

• Fresh clone: run npm install at the repo root.
• After a pull that changes a client's dependencies: re-run npm install at the root to re-sync every client.

The cascade (scripts/install-clients.mjs) is dev-only — it exits early when the package is installed as a dependency, and the published tarball ships only each client's build/, so end users are unaffected. Set INSPECTOR_SKIP_CLIENT_INSTALL=1 to skip it.

Running during development

For day-to-day web iteration, run Vite directly from the web client (fast HMR, no launcher build needed):

cd clients/web && npm run dev

The launcher-driven scripts below run the built launcher, so build first (npm run build):

npm run web        # prod web launcher against clients/web/dist
npm run web:dev    # web launcher in --dev mode (Vite)

The @inspector/core shared package

core/ holds the logic shared by all three clients so that web, CLI, and TUI behave identically. Its entry point is the InspectorClient class (core/mcp/), which owns the connection to an MCP server, the request/response lifecycle, and a set of state stores; core/react/ exposes React hooks over those stores that both the web and TUI (Ink) React trees consume. OAuth (core/auth/) is factored into isomorphic logic plus browser/node/remote backends so the same flows work in the browser, in Node, and against a remote backend.

core/ intentionally has no package.json — it is not published on its own. Each client bundles it in via a @inspector/core alias:

• CLI / TUI: esbuildOptions.alias in their tsup.config.ts maps @inspector/core → the repo core/ directory, and noExternal: [/^@inspector\/core/] inlines it into the bundle.
• Web: the same alias in clients/web/vite.config.ts for the browser app and the Node backend runner.

Publishing core/ as its own package (e.g. for third parties to build on) is deliberately deferred — see issue #1636.

Web client: "dumb components" + Storybook

The v2 web client is built from presentational ("dumb") components — they accept data and callbacks as props and contain only display logic, with no direct data fetching or client state. State comes from the @inspector/core hooks, wired in near the top of the tree. This keeps components isolated, testable, and documentable.

That approach is what makes Storybook first-class here: every screen and element component has a *.stories.tsx file (96+ stories) that renders it against fixture props. Storybook play functions double as interaction tests, run headless in CI (npm run ci:storybook, Chromium via Playwright).

Styling follows a strict Mantine-first convention (theme variants and component props over CSS classes, --inspector-* CSS custom properties over raw color literals). The full rules live in AGENTS.md under React instructions — read them before touching web UI. Element components live in clients/web/src/components/elements/; theme variants in clients/web/src/theme/.

Test servers

test-servers/ provides composable MCP servers used by the integration and smoke suites, so tests exercise a real server over a real transport instead of mocks. A server is assembled from presets (fixture factories in test-servers/src/preset-registry.ts — tools, resources, prompts, tasks, elicitation, sampling, OAuth, …) and can be driven two ways:

• In-process — import the factories (createTestServerHttp, createEchoTool, …) and run the server inside the test's event loop (used by the HTTP integration paths).
• As a subprocess — test-servers/build/test-server-stdio.js is spawned as a real stdio child (used by the CLI smoke and stdio integration tests).

Configure a server declaratively with a JSON config (see test-servers/configs/*.json) selecting presets, then load it via --config. Because the servers are spawned as real subprocesses, the build output must exist first:

npm run test-servers:build   # (from clients/web) → tsc -p test-servers, emits test-servers/build/

The Vite alias @modelcontextprotocol/inspector-test-server (in clients/web/vite.config.ts) points at test-servers/build/index.js so getTestMcpServerPath() resolves to a real .js path.

A streamable-HTTP server can also serve the modern (2026-07-28) protocol era via the SDK's createMcpHandler — set transport.modern in the JSON config (true for dual-era stateless serving, or { "legacy": "reject" } for modern-only strict), or pass modern on the ServerConfig for an in-process createTestServerHttp. This is what lets an Inspector connection negotiating protocolEra: "auto" | "modern" reach the modern leg (populated server/discover, sessionless). See test-servers/configs/modern-http.json. test-servers/configs/modern-mrtr-http.json additionally serves the mrtr_confirm tool (preset mrtr_confirm, createMrtrTool) over the modern leg: its handler returns inputRequired(...) embedding a form elicitation, so invoking it produces a real MRTR round-trip (input_required → the client fulfils the embedded elicitation and retries with a new id → complete). The Inspector drives MRTR manually (inputRequired: { autoFulfill: false }), so the embedded elicitation pauses at the pending-request modal (tagged "input_required") for you to answer, then the retry completes — useful for eyeballing both that pending-request UX and the Protocol view's MRTR conversation grouping. test-servers/configs/mrtr-showcase-http.json bundles every MRTR preset in one modern server for manual testing: mrtr_confirm (single round), mrtr_two_step (two elicitation rounds via requestState), mrtr_sample (embedded sampling → the Sampling panel), mrtr_roots (embedded roots/list, auto-answered silently from configured roots — no modal), mrtr_edge (an inputRequests-only round then a requestState-only round), and mrtr_loop (never completes → the MRTR_MAX_ROUNDS bound trips). (The legacy collect_elicitation preset calls server.elicitInput, which errors on the 2026-07-28 leg — server→client requests aren't allowed there; MRTR is the modern replacement.)

test-servers/configs/modern-network-http.json is the Network-tab showcase for the standardized HTTP headers and new error taxonomy (SEP-2243 / SEP-2575). It serves a get_weather tool whose city argument carries an x-mcp-header: "City" annotation (so a modern client mirrors it to Mcp-Param-City), plus four trigger_* tools that the modern leg's spec-error injector (transport.modern.injectSpecErrors: true) answers with a real HTTP status + JSON-RPC error body: trigger_header_mismatch → 400 / -32020, trigger_missing_capability → 400 / -32021, trigger_unsupported_version → 400 / -32022 (with data.supported), trigger_method_not_found → 404 / -32601. Connect to it with Protocol Era = Modern and open the Network tab to see the mirrored Mcp-* headers highlighted, sentinel values decoded, and each error rendered distinctly. Note: Mcp-Param-* mirroring is skipped by the SDK in the browser (detectProbeEnvironment() !== "browser"), so calling get_weather from the web client omits Mcp-Param-City and the strict server answers -32020 — the same tool is callable from the Node CLI/TUI, where mirroring is active.

test-servers/configs/xmcpheader-modern-http.json is the x-mcp-header Tools-tab showcase (#1632). It serves echo, a get_weather tool with a valid x-mcp-header: "City" annotation on its city argument, an invalid_header_tool whose annotation uses the header name "Bad Header" (a space makes it an invalid RFC 9110 token, so the whole tool definition is invalid), and a trigger_invalid_params tool that the modern leg's spec-error injector (transport.modern.injectSpecErrors: true) answers with a real -32602 Invalid params JSON-RPC error whose message is not about a missing tool. Connect with Protocol Era = Modern and open the Tools tab: get_weather's detail panel shows a "Mirrored request headers (SEP-2243)" section (city → Mcp-Param-City), and invalid_header_tool appears struck-through under an "Excluded (SEP-2243)" divider in the sidebar with the reason on hover (a conforming Streamable HTTP client MUST drop it from tools/list; the Inspector surfaces why). Under SDK v2 a tools/call that rejects with -32602 now renders as a distinct error panel rather than an isError result — headed "Unknown Tool" when the message names a missing tool (reproduce by calling a tool the server dropped from its list), or "Invalid Parameters" for any other -32602 (run trigger_invalid_params).

test-servers/configs/pagination-http.json is the page-by-page fetch showcase (#1721). It serves 12 tools, 12 resources, and 12 prompts (presets numbered_tools / numbered_resources / numbered_prompts, count: 12) with maxPageSize of 4 for each, so every list paginates into three pages. Turn on "Fetch Lists One Page at a Time" (Server Settings — the paginatedLists setting, or the Paginated switch in a list sidebar) and the Tools/Resources/Prompts lists load page 1 only (4 items) with a Load next page control and an N pages loaded status; each click fetches the next 4 and appends them, and Refresh resets to page 1. With the switch off (the default), the same lists auto-aggregate all three pages on connect.

test-servers/configs/advertised-extensions-http.json is the advertised-extensions showcase (#1739). It serves echo (always) and a get_weather tool that is gated on the io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks extension (extensionGatedTools): the tool is registered but starts disabled, and the server enables it on notifications/initialized only when the connected client declared that extension in its capabilities.extensions. Connect (the Inspector advertises the Tasks extension by default) and the Tools list shows both echo and get_weather. Open Server Settings → Advertised Extensions, uncheck Tasks (io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks), and reconnect: the client now advertises no extensions, the server never enables get_weather, and the Tools list shows only echo. This demonstrates the debugging knob — a server legitimately changing tool registration on what the client advertises. (Legacy stateful leg only; the modern per-request leg has no persistent oninitialized.)

test-servers/configs/logging-legacy-http.json and test-servers/configs/logging-modern-http.json are the logging era-fork showcase (#1629). Both serve logging: true plus a send_notification tool that emits a notifications/message at a chosen level; the legacy one is a plain streamable-HTTP server (logging/setLevel era) and the modern one sets transport.modern: true. Connect to the legacy server and open the Logs tab to get the session-scoped Set Active Level selector + Set button; calling send_notification streams the log into the panel. Connect to the modern one with Protocol Era = Modern and the same tab instead shows the Log Level per Request control — pick a level to opt in and the client stamps _meta["io.modelcontextprotocol/logLevel"] on every subsequent request (verify in the Network tab's request body); calling send_notification then streams the log into the panel over the request's SSE response. Set the control back to Off and the same call is silently gated — the request omits the logLevel key, so the log never arrives. That gating is faithful to the spec ("a server MUST NOT emit notifications/message for a request that didn't opt in") because send_notification emits through the SDK's request-scoped, threshold-aware extra.log (ctx.mcpReq.log): on the modern leg it reads the per-request logLevel opt-in from the request envelope and drops the message when the client didn't opt in or the level is below the requested severity; on legacy it honors the session level from logging/setLevel. Because it emits through the request's notify, the modern response upgrades to SSE and the log rides the originating request's stream.

test-servers/configs/subscriptions-legacy-http.json and test-servers/configs/subscriptions-modern-http.json are the resource-subscription era-fork showcase (#1630). Both serve three numbered_resources with subscriptions: true; the legacy one also serves an update_resource tool, and the modern one sets transport.modern: true. Connect to the legacy server, open a resource in the Resources tab and click Subscribe — the client sends resources/subscribe (Network/Protocol view) and the Subscriptions section lists the URI with no stream chrome; call update_resource with that URI and the server updates the content and emits notifications/resources/updated, stamping the subscribed tile's last-updated time. Connect to the modern server with Protocol Era = Modern and the same Subscribe instead sends subscriptions/listen (its filter carries resourceSubscriptions + the resourcesListChanged opt-in) and resolves on notifications/subscriptions/acknowledged; the Subscriptions section then shows the stream-status badge (Connecting… → Listening) in its header, and if the long-lived stream drops it reconnects by re-listing. The modern config deliberately omits update_resource: the SDK's modern leg is stateless/per-request (createMcpHandler(() => createMcpServer(config))), so the tool would run against a throwaway server instance — the content change wouldn't persist for the next resources/read, and its resources/updated wouldn't reach the (separate) listen stream — which is more confusing than useful. The live update-notification round-trip is therefore demonstrated on the legacy (stateful-session) server; the modern server is for the subscribe/listen/badge behavior. (The Inspector's receive path is era-transparent, so a real stateful modern server that routes resources/updated onto the listen stream drives the subscribed tile the same way.)

test-servers/configs/tasks-legacy-http.json and test-servers/configs/tasks-modern-http.json are the Tasks era-fork showcase (#1631). The legacy server advertises capabilities.tasks (tasks: { list, cancel }) with the simple_task / progress_task / elicitation_task presets — connect to it, run one of those tools with Run as task on, and the Tasks tab lists it (populated via tasks/list), polls tasks/get, fetches the payload with the blocking tasks/result, and cancels with tasks/cancel. The modern server sets transport.modern: true and tasksExtension: true, advertising the io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks extension (SEP-2663) and serving the modern_task / modern_input_task tools. Connect with Protocol Era = Modern: the Tasks tab is now gated on the negotiated extension (not capabilities.tasks). Run modern_task as a task — the tools/call returns a CreateTaskResult (resultType: "task", visible in the Protocol/Network tabs), the client polls tasks/get (no tasks/list), and the completed task inlines its result (no blocking tasks/result). Run modern_input_task and the task moves to input_required, surfacing an embedded elicitation through the pending-request modal; answering it sends tasks/update with the inputResponses, and the next poll completes. SDK v2 removed all tasks support and era-gates the tasks/* spec methods out of the modern era on both sides — so the Inspector drives the extension itself (the resultType: "task" frame is rewritten at the transport into a CallToolResult carrying the handle; tasks/get/update/cancel ride a raw-wire request channel with the full modern envelope), and the test server serves tasks/* from an Express interceptor ahead of the SDK handler (the SDK's modern leg would answer them -32601). The Tasks tab's Refresh re-polls the handles already known to the client (modern has no server-side task list).

Building

npm run build     # builds all clients: web → cli → tui → launcher

Individual clients: build:web, build:cli, build:tui, build:launcher. The web build produces both the browser SPA (clients/web/dist, Vite) and the Node prod-server runner (clients/web/build, tsup).

Testing & the quality gate

Each client self-validates from its own folder; the root scripts chain them. There is no aggregate root test script — use validate (fast) or coverage (the gate).

Script	What it does
npm run validate	Runs validate:core (the shared core/ format:check + lint gate) first, then per client: format:check + lint + typecheck (cli/tui only) + build + fast unit tests. The quick inner-loop check.
npm run coverage	The per-file ≥90% gate (lines/statements/functions/branches) under v8 instrumentation, per client. CI-enforced. For web this also runs the integration project and covers the shared core/ runtime (including core/json and core/client).
npm run smoke	End-to-end smokes through the built launcher (--help dispatch + prod cli/tui/web), plus a headless-Chromium boot smoke that runs the prod web bundle and asserts a clean first render (no uncaught error — sync exception or unhandled rejection, how a Node built-in reaching the browser bundle manifests).
npm run verify:build-gate	Runs a real vite build with a Node built-in forced into the browser graph and asserts the build fails via the #1769 gate (which turns Vite's browser-externalization warning into a hard error). Guards against the warning phrasing drifting in a Vite bump and silently disabling the gate. Part of npm run ci.
npm run ci	Mandatory pre-push command. validate → coverage → verify:build-gate → smoke → Storybook. A true superset of GitHub CI.
npm run pack:verify	Publish smoke — see Publishing.

Per-client scripts exist too (validate:web, coverage:cli, smoke:tui, …), plus root validate:core / format:core for the shared core/ package. Run npm run format before committing — the root format fixes core/ and every client; validate runs the non-fixing format:check and fails CI on any unformatted file.

For the full testing rules — the ≥90% per-file gate, where test files live, the unit vs. integration vs. storybook projects, and the v8 ignore policy — see AGENTS.md.

Publishing

The root @modelcontextprotocol/inspector package ships as one tarball with a single version number — no separate -web / -cli / -tui / -core packages. npm run build builds every client, then prepack runs before npm publish. Runtime dependencies are declared on the root package.json; client builds bundle @inspector/core and externalize npm packages resolved from the root install.

What ships, and the packaging invariants

The root package.json "files" allowlist is the source of truth for the tarball. A few non-obvious entries exist because they are read at runtime or were silently dropped by npm's packlist — do not remove them without re-running npm run pack:verify:

• No source maps. The client bundlers set sourcemap: false (clients/{cli,tui}/tsup.config.ts, clients/web/tsup.runner.config.ts); Vite and the launcher's tsc already emit none. Maps are ~half the unpacked size and aren't needed at runtime — debug via npm run dev on the source.
• clients/web/build ships via clients/web/.npmignore. clients/web/.gitignore lists build/, and npm's packlist honors that nested .gitignore over the root "files" allowlist — so the prod web-server runner was silently missing from the tarball while clients/web/dist slipped through (its .gitignore only lists dist-ssr). clients/web/.npmignore overrides the .gitignore for publishing so both build/ (runner) and dist/ (SPA) ship. The other clients don't need this — none ship a nested .gitignore.
• A single version number, read from the root package.json. The Inspector ships as one package with one version, so only the root package.json carries a version — the four clients/*/package.jsons deliberately have none. Every Node client (CLI, TUI, and the web backend) resolves the version through the shared readInspectorVersion() reader in core/node/version.ts, which walks up to the root manifest (always present in the tarball). No client package.json is read at runtime, so none needs to ship. The web browser can't read the filesystem; it gets its version from the backend via GET /api/config (see #1639).

npm run pack:verify — publish smoke against the real tarball

The smoke:* scripts run against the in-repo build tree, which is not the published package. npm run pack:verify (scripts/pack-and-verify.mjs) closes that gap: it builds, npm packs the publishable tarball (asserting no source maps ship and that the runtime-required files are present), installs the tarball into a clean throwaway consumer — a fresh temp directory where it runs a real npm install <tgz> (pulls runtime deps, runs postinstall), exactly as npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector would — and drives the installed mcp-inspector bin end to end: --help dispatch, a real --cli tools/list over stdio, and a prod --web boot that must serve / from the shipped dist. It catches "works in --dev, breaks under npx …" path/packaging failures. It requires network access (the install pulls deps), so it is a local / release check, not part of the fast validate/ci loop.

Cutting a release

Publishing is automated by two release-gated jobs in .github/workflows/main.yml (github.event_name == 'release', both needs: build):

• publish — the npm package. Runs npm run pack:verify as the pre-publish gate, asserts the release tag matches the root package.json version, then npm publish --access public --provenance — a single npm publish (v2 is not an npm workspace, so there is no v1-style publish-all/--workspaces), with a signed provenance attestation via GitHub OIDC (id-token: write, environment: release, NPM_TOKEN).
• publish-github-container-registry — the container image (see Docker).

Because there is one version number (only the root package.json has one — the clients carry none, so there is nothing to keep in sync and no check-version step), the release flow is just:

npm version <major|minor|patch>   # bumps the root package.json + tags
git push --follow-tags
# then draft & publish a GitHub Release for that tag → triggers `publish`

The release's target commit selects which workflow runs, so this only publishes when a release is cut from a commit carrying this (v2) workflow.

Docker

A container image is published to GHCR (ghcr.io/modelcontextprotocol/inspector, linux/amd64 + linux/arm64) by the release workflow. The Dockerfile is a two-stage build: the first stage installs and npm packs the publishable tarball; the second stage npm install -gs that tarball, so the image ships the exact same artifact as npm, with a clean mcp-inspector bin.

# run the web UI (reads the auth token from the container logs)
docker run --rm -p 6274:6274 ghcr.io/modelcontextprotocol/inspector

# or build the image locally
docker build -t mcp-inspector .
docker run --rm -p 6274:6274 mcp-inspector

The image defaults to --web bound to 0.0.0.0:6274 with browser auto-open disabled; override the args to run another mode (docker run --rm ghcr.io/modelcontextprotocol/inspector --cli …). Pass -e MCP_INSPECTOR_API_TOKEN=… to set a known token (otherwise one is generated and printed in the logs), or -e DANGEROUSLY_OMIT_AUTH=true to disable auth. The image runs as the non-root node user and has a HEALTHCHECK that probes the web UI — it assumes the default --web mode, so add --no-healthcheck when running --cli/--tui (which have no web server).

Contributing — AGENTS.md and CLAUDE.md

AGENTS.md is the contract for changing this codebase, and it applies to humans and AI agents alike. It is not agent-only boilerplate — it holds the project's real conventions: the issue-and-board workflow, branch/label rules, the TypeScript and Mantine/React standards, the testing and coverage requirements, and the mandatory pre-push gate. Read it before making changes, and keep it up to date when you change structure, tooling, or rules.

CLAUDE.md is the entry point the Claude Code agent loads automatically; it simply includes AGENTS.md and this README, so both agents and humans work from the same source of truth. If you use a different agent that reads AGENTS.md, you get the same rules.

A key rule worth surfacing here: all work is issue-driven. Before starting, find or create a tracking issue on the v2 project board; open PRs against v2/main with Closes #<issue>. The exact recipes (labels, board IDs, statuses) are in AGENTS.md.

License

MIT.