another restructuring

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/client/McpAsyncClient.java

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpAsyncSession;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpAsyncTransport;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpSchema;
+
+public class McpAsyncClient extends McpAsyncSession {
+
+	public McpAsyncClient(McpAsyncTransport transport) {
+		this(transport, Duration.ofSeconds(10), new ObjectMapper());
+	}
+
+	public McpAsyncClient(McpAsyncTransport transport, Duration requestTimeout, ObjectMapper objectMapper) {		
+		super(requestTimeout, objectMapper, transport);
+	}
+
+
+	/**
+	 * The initialization phase MUST be the first interaction between client and server.
+	 * During this phase, the client and server:
+	 * <ul>
+	 * <li>Establish protocol version compatibility</li>
+	 * <li>Exchange and negotiate capabilities</li>
+	 * <li>Share implementation details</li>
+	 * </ul>
+	 * <br/>
+	 * The client MUST initiate this phase by sending an initialize request containing:
+	 * <ul>
+	 * <li>The protocol version the client supports</li>
+	 * <li>The client's capabilities</li>
+	 * <li>Client implementation information</li>
+	 * </ul>
+	 *
+	 * The server MUST respond with its own capabilities and information:
+	 * {@link McpSchema.ServerCapabilities}. <br/>
+	 * After successful initialization, the client MUST send an initialized notification
+	 * to indicate it is ready to begin normal operations.
+	 *
+	 * <br/>
+	 *
+	 * <a href=
+	 * "https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/specification/blob/main/docs/specification/basic/lifecycle.md#initialization">Initialization
+	 * Spec</a>
+	 * @return the initialize result.
+	 */
+	public Mono<McpSchema.InitializeResult> initialize() {
+		McpSchema.InitializeRequest initializeRequest = new McpSchema.InitializeRequest(// @formatter:off
+				McpSchema.LATEST_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+				new McpSchema.ClientCapabilities(null, new McpSchema.ClientCapabilities.RootCapabilities(true), null),
+				new McpSchema.Implementation("mcp-java-client", "0.0.1")); // @formatter:on
+
+		Mono<McpSchema.InitializeResult> result =
+				this.sendRequest("initialize", initializeRequest, new TypeReference<McpSchema.InitializeResult>() {});
+
+		return result.flatMap(initializeResult -> {
+			if (!McpSchema.LATEST_PROTOCOL_VERSION.equals(initializeResult.protocolVersion())) {
+				return Mono.error(
+						new McpError("Unsupported protocol version from the server: "
+								+ initializeResult.protocolVersion()));
+			} else {
+				return this.sendNotification("notifications/initialized", null)
+				           .thenReturn(initializeResult);
+			}
+		});
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a roots/list_changed notification.
+	 */
+	public Mono<Void> sendRootsListChanged() {
+		return this.sendNotification("notifications/roots/list_changed");
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a synchronous ping request.
+	 */
+	public Mono<Void> ping() {
+		return this.sendRequest("ping", null,
+				new TypeReference<Void>() {});
+	}
+
+	// --------------------------
+	// Tools
+	// --------------------------
+	/**
+	 * Send a tools/call request.
+	 * @param callToolRequest the call tool request.
+	 * @return the call tool result.
+	 */
+	public Mono<McpSchema.CallToolResult> callTool(McpSchema.CallToolRequest callToolRequest) {
+		return this.sendRequest("tools/call", callToolRequest,
+				new TypeReference<McpSchema.CallToolResult>() {});
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a tools/list request.
+	 * @return the list of tools result.
+	 */
+	public Mono<McpSchema.ListToolsResult> listTools(String cursor) {
+		return this.sendRequest("tools/list", new McpSchema.PaginatedRequest(cursor),
+				new TypeReference<McpSchema.ListToolsResult>() {});
+	}
+
+	// --------------------------
+	// Resources
+	// --------------------------
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a resources/list request.
+	 * @param cursor the cursor
+	 * @return the list of resources result.
+	 */
+	public Mono<McpSchema.ListResourcesResult> listResources(String cursor) {
+		return this.sendRequest("resources/list", new McpSchema.PaginatedRequest(cursor),
+				new TypeReference<McpSchema.ListResourcesResult>() {});
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a resources/read request.
+	 * @param resource the resource to read
+	 * @return the resource content.
+	 */
+	public Mono<McpSchema.ReadResourceResult> readResource(McpSchema.Resource resource) {
+		return this.readResource(new McpSchema.ReadResourceRequest(resource.uri()));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a resources/read request.
+	 * @param readResourceRequest the read resource request.
+	 * @return the resource content.
+	 */
+	public Mono<McpSchema.ReadResourceResult> readResource(McpSchema.ReadResourceRequest readResourceRequest) {
+		return this.sendRequest("resources/read", readResourceRequest,
+				new TypeReference<McpSchema.ReadResourceResult>() {});
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Resource templates allow servers to expose parameterized resources using URI
+	 * templates. Arguments may be auto-completed through the completion API.
+	 *
+	 * Request a list of resource templates the server has.
+	 * @param cursor the cursor
+	 * @return the list of resource templates result.
+	 */
+	public Mono<McpSchema.ListResourceTemplatesResult> listResourceTemplates(String cursor) {
+		return this.sendRequest("resources/templates/list", new McpSchema.PaginatedRequest(cursor),
+				new TypeReference<McpSchema.ListResourceTemplatesResult>() {});
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * List Changed Notification. When the list of available resources changes, servers
+	 * that declared the listChanged capability SHOULD send a notification:
+	 */
+	public Mono<Void> sendResourcesListChanged() {
+		return this.sendNotification("notifications/resources/list_changed");
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Subscriptions. The protocol supports optional subscriptions to resource changes.
+	 * Clients can subscribe to specific resources and receive notifications when they
+	 * change.
+	 *
+	 * Send a resources/subscribe request.
+	 * @param subscribeRequest the subscribe request contains the uri of the resource to
+	 * subscribe to.
+	 */
+	public Mono<Void> subscribeResource(McpSchema.SubscribeRequest subscribeRequest) {
+		return this.sendRequest("resources/subscribe", subscribeRequest,
+				new TypeReference<Void>() {});
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a resources/unsubscribe request.
+	 * @param unsubscribeRequest the unsubscribe request contains the uri of the resource
+	 * to unsubscribe from.
+	 */
+	public Mono<Void> unsubscribeResource(McpSchema.UnsubscribeRequest unsubscribeRequest) {
+		return this.sendRequest("resources/unsubscribe", unsubscribeRequest,
+				new TypeReference<Void>() {});
+	}
+}

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/client/McpClient.java

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+* Copyright 2024 - 2024 the original author or authors.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpAsyncTransport;
+
+/**
+ * The MCP client is the main entry point for interacting with the Model Context Protocol
+ * (MCP) server.
+ * 
+ * 
+ * @author Christian Tzolov
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ */
+public class McpClient {
+
+	private McpClient() {
+	}
+
+	// TODO: introduce a builder like:
+	//  McpClient.using(transport)
+	//           .withRequestTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
+	//           .withObjectMapper(objectMapper); <- or even a more sophisticated
+	//                                               JSONtoPOJOCodec type
+	//           .sync();
+
+	public static McpAsyncClient async(McpAsyncTransport transport) {
+		return new McpAsyncClient(transport);
+	}
+
+	public static McpAsyncClient async(McpAsyncTransport transport, Duration requestTimeout,
+			ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
+		return new McpAsyncClient(transport, requestTimeout, objectMapper);
+	}
+
+	public static McpSyncClient sync(McpAsyncTransport transport) {
+		return new McpSyncClient(async(transport));
+	}
+
+	public static McpSyncClient sync(McpAsyncTransport transport, Duration requestTimeout,
+			ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
+		return new McpSyncClient(async(transport, requestTimeout, objectMapper));
+	}
+
+
+}

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/client/McpSyncClient.java

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client.util.Assert;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpSchema;
+
+public class McpSyncClient implements AutoCloseable {
+
+	// TODO: Consider providing a client config to set this properly
+	//  this is currently a concern only because AutoCloseable is used - perhaps it is
+	//  not a requirement?
+	private static final long DEFAULT_CLOSE_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000L;
+
+	McpAsyncClient delegate;
+
+	public McpSyncClient(McpAsyncClient delegate) {
+		Assert.notNull(delegate, "The delegate can not be null");
+		this.delegate = delegate;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void close() {
+		delegate.closeGracefully(Duration.ofMillis(DEFAULT_CLOSE_TIMEOUT_MS)).block();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * The initialization phase MUST be the first interaction between client and server.
+	 * During this phase, the client and server:
+	 * <ul>
+	 * <li>Establish protocol version compatibility</li>
+	 * <li>Exchange and negotiate capabilities</li>
+	 * <li>Share implementation details</li>
+	 * </ul>
+	 * <br/>
+	 * The client MUST initiate this phase by sending an initialize request containing:
+	 * <ul>
+	 * <li>The protocol version the client supports</li>
+	 * <li>The client's capabilities</li>
+	 * <li>Client implementation information</li>
+	 * </ul>
+	 *
+	 * The server MUST respond with its own capabilities and information:
+	 * {@link McpSchema.ServerCapabilities}. <br/>
+	 * After successful initialization, the client MUST send an initialized notification
+	 * to indicate it is ready to begin normal operations.
+	 *
+	 * <br/>
+	 *
+	 * <a href=
+	 * "https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/specification/blob/main/docs/specification/basic/lifecycle.md#initialization">Initialization
+	 * Spec</a>
+	 * @return the initialize result.
+	 */
+	public McpSchema.InitializeResult initialize() {
+		// TODO: block takes no argument here as we assume the async client is
+		//  configured with a requestTimeout at all times
+		return delegate.initialize()
+		               .block();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a roots/list_changed notification.
+	 */
+	public void sendRootsListChanged() {
+		delegate.sendRootsListChanged()
+		        .block();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a synchronous ping request.
+	 */
+	public void ping() {
+		delegate.ping()
+		        .block();
+	}
+
+	// --------------------------
+	// Tools
+	// --------------------------
+	/**
+	 * Send a tools/call request.
+	 * @param callToolRequest the call tool request.
+	 * @return the call tool result.
+	 */
+	public McpSchema.CallToolResult callTool(McpSchema.CallToolRequest callToolRequest) {
+		return delegate.callTool(callToolRequest)
+		               .block();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a tools/list request.
+	 * @return the list of tools result.
+	 */
+	public McpSchema.ListToolsResult listTools(String cursor) {
+		return delegate.listTools(cursor)
+				.block();
+	}
+
+	// --------------------------
+	// Resources
+	// --------------------------
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a resources/list request.
+	 * @param cursor the cursor
+	 * @return the list of resources result.
+	 */
+	public McpSchema.ListResourcesResult listResources(String cursor) {
+		return delegate.listResources(cursor)
+				.block();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a resources/read request.
+	 * @param resource the resource to read
+	 * @return the resource content.
+	 */
+	public McpSchema.ReadResourceResult readResource(McpSchema.Resource resource) {
+		return delegate.readResource(resource)
+				.block();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a resources/read request.
+	 * @param readResourceRequest the read resource request.
+	 * @return the resource content.
+	 */
+	public McpSchema.ReadResourceResult readResource(McpSchema.ReadResourceRequest readResourceRequest) {
+		return delegate.readResource(readResourceRequest)
+				.block();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Resource templates allow servers to expose parameterized resources using URI
+	 * templates. Arguments may be auto-completed through the completion API.
+	 *
+	 * Request a list of resource templates the server has.
+	 * @param cursor the cursor
+	 * @return the list of resource templates result.
+	 */
+	public McpSchema.ListResourceTemplatesResult listResourceTemplates(String cursor) {
+		return delegate.listResourceTemplates(cursor)
+				.block();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * List Changed Notification. When the list of available resources changes, servers
+	 * that declared the listChanged capability SHOULD send a notification:
+	 */
+	public void sendResourcesListChanged() {
+		delegate.sendResourcesListChanged()
+				.block();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Subscriptions. The protocol supports optional subscriptions to resource changes.
+	 * Clients can subscribe to specific resources and receive notifications when they
+	 * change.
+	 *
+	 * Send a resources/subscribe request.
+	 * @param subscribeRequest the subscribe request contains the uri of the resource to
+	 * subscribe to.
+	 */
+	public void subscribeResource(McpSchema.SubscribeRequest subscribeRequest) {
+		delegate.subscribeResource(subscribeRequest)
+				.block();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Send a resources/unsubscribe request.
+	 * @param unsubscribeRequest the unsubscribe request contains the uri of the resource
+	 * to unsubscribe from.
+	 */
+	public void unsubscribeResource(McpSchema.UnsubscribeRequest unsubscribeRequest) {
+		delegate.unsubscribeResource(unsubscribeRequest)
+				.block();
+	}
+}

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/client/stdio/ServerParameters.java

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client.stdio;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client.util.Assert;
+
+/**
+ * Server parameters for stdio client.
+ */
+@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+public class ServerParameters {
+
+	// Environment variables to inherit by default
+	private static final List<String> DEFAULT_INHERITED_ENV_VARS = System.getProperty("os.name")
+			.toLowerCase()
+			.contains("win")
+					? Arrays.asList("APPDATA", "HOMEDRIVE", "HOMEPATH", "LOCALAPPDATA", "PATH",
+							"PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE", "SYSTEMDRIVE", "SYSTEMROOT", "TEMP", "USERNAME", "USERPROFILE")
+					: Arrays.asList("HOME", "LOGNAME", "PATH", "SHELL", "TERM", "USER");
+
+	@JsonProperty("command")
+	private String command;
+
+	@JsonProperty("args")
+	private List<String> args = new ArrayList<>();
+
+	@JsonProperty("env")
+	private Map<String, String> env;
+
+	private ServerParameters(String command, List<String> args, Map<String, String> env) {
+		Assert.notNull(command, "The command can not be null");
+		Assert.notNull(args, "The args can not be null");
+
+		this.command = command;
+		this.args = args;
+		this.env = new HashMap<>(getDefaultEnvironment());
+		if (env != null && !env.isEmpty()) {
+			this.env.putAll(env);
+		}
+	}
+
+	public String getCommand() {
+		return this.command;
+	}
+
+	public List<String> getArgs() {
+		return this.args;
+	}
+
+	public Map<String, String> getEnv() {
+		return this.env;
+	}
+
+	public static Builder builder(String command) {
+		return new Builder(command);
+	}
+
+	public static class Builder {
+
+		private String command;
+
+		private List<String> args = new ArrayList<>();
+
+		private Map<String, String> env = new HashMap<>();
+
+		public Builder(String command) {
+			Assert.notNull(command, "The command can not be null");
+			this.command = command;
+		}
+
+		public Builder args(String... args) {
+			Assert.notNull(args, "The args can not be null");
+			this.args = Arrays.asList(args);
+			return this;
+		}
+
+		public Builder args(List<String> args) {
+			Assert.notNull(args, "The args can not be null");
+			this.args = new ArrayList<>(args);
+			return this;
+		}
+
+		public Builder arg(String arg) {
+			Assert.notNull(arg, "The arg can not be null");
+			this.args.add(arg);
+			return this;
+		}
+
+		public Builder env(Map<String, String> env) {
+			if (env != null && !env.isEmpty()) {
+				this.env.putAll(env);
+			}
+			return this;
+		}
+
+		public Builder addEnvVar(String key, String value) {
+			Assert.notNull(key, "The key can not be null");
+			Assert.notNull(value, "The value can not be null");
+			this.env.put(key, value);
+			return this;
+		}
+
+		public ServerParameters build() {
+			return new ServerParameters(command, args, env);
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns a default environment object including only environment variables
+	 * deemed safe to inherit.
+	 */
+	private static Map<String, String> getDefaultEnvironment() {
+		return System.getenv()
+				.entrySet()
+				.stream()
+				.filter(entry -> DEFAULT_INHERITED_ENV_VARS.contains(entry.getKey()))
+				.filter(entry -> entry.getValue() != null)
+				.filter(entry -> !entry.getValue().startsWith("()"))
+				.collect(Collectors.toMap(Map.Entry::getKey, Map.Entry::getValue));
+	}
+
+}

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/client/stdio/ServerParametersParser.java

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+* Copyright 2024 - 2024 the original author or authors.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client.stdio;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client.stdio.ServerParametersParser.McpServerConfigurations.McpServerConfiguration;
+
+/**
+ * @author Christian Tzolov
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ */
+
+public class ServerParametersParser {
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record McpServerConfigurations(// @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("mcpServers") Map<String, McpServerConfiguration> mcpServers) {
+
+		@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+		public record McpServerConfiguration(
+			@JsonProperty("command") String command,
+			@JsonProperty("args") List<String> args,
+			@JsonProperty("env") Map<String, String> env) {
+		}
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+		ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
+
+		// Assuming the JSON is in a file named "servers.json"
+		String jsonInput = """
+				{
+				  "mcpServers": {
+				    "filesystem": {
+				      "command": "npx",
+				      "args": ["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem", "/path/to/allowed/files"]
+				    },
+				    "git": {
+				      "command": "uvx",
+				      "args": ["mcp-server-git", "--repository", "path/to/git/repo"]
+				    },
+				    "github": {
+				      "command": "npx",
+				      "args": ["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-github"],
+				      "env": {
+				        "GITHUB_PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN": "<YOUR_TOKEN>"
+				      }
+				    },
+				    "postgres": {
+				      "command": "npx",
+				      "args": ["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-postgres", "postgresql://localhost/mydb"]
+				    }
+				  }
+				}
+								""";
+
+		// Deserialize JSON into McpServers
+		McpServerConfigurations servers = objectMapper.readValue(jsonInput, McpServerConfigurations.class);
+
+		// Access individual servers
+		for (Map.Entry<String, McpServerConfiguration> entry : servers.mcpServers().entrySet()) {
+			System.out.println("Key: " + entry.getKey());
+			System.out.println("Command: " + entry.getValue().command());
+			System.out.println("Arguments: " + String.join(", ", entry.getValue().args()));
+			System.out.println("Environment Variables: " + entry.getValue().env());
+			System.out.println("-----------");
+		}
+	}
+
+}

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/client/stdio/StdioServerTransport.java

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client.stdio;
+
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.BufferedWriter;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import reactor.core.scheduler.Scheduler;
+import reactor.core.scheduler.Schedulers;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client.util.Assert;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.DefaultMcpTransport;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpSchema.JSONRPCMessage;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpSchema.JSONRPCNotification;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpSchema.JSONRPCRequest;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpSchema.JSONRPCResponse;
+
+/**
+ * Stdio client for communicating with a server process.
+ */
+public class StdioServerTransport extends DefaultMcpTransport {
+
+	private final static TypeReference<HashMap<String, Object>> MAP_TYPE_REF = new TypeReference<HashMap<String, Object>>() {
+	};
+
+	private Process process;
+
+	private BufferedReader processErrorReader;
+	private BufferedReader processReader;
+	private BufferedWriter processWriter;
+
+	private Scheduler inboundScheduler;
+	private Scheduler outboundScheduler;
+	private Scheduler errorScheduler;
+
+	private volatile boolean isRunning;
+
+	private final ServerParameters params;
+
+	public StdioServerTransport(ServerParameters params) {
+		this(params, new ObjectMapper());
+	}
+
+	public StdioServerTransport(ServerParameters params, ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
+
+		super(objectMapper);
+
+		Assert.notNull(params, "The params can not be null");
+		Assert.notNull(objectMapper, "The ObjectMapper can not be null");
+
+		this.params = params;
+
+		// Start threads
+		this.inboundScheduler = Schedulers.fromExecutorService(Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(),
+				"inbound");
+		this.outboundScheduler = Schedulers.fromExecutorService(Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(),
+				"outbound");
+		this.errorScheduler = Schedulers.fromExecutorService(Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(),
+				"error");
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void start() {
+		// Prepare command and environment
+		List<String> fullCommand = new ArrayList<>();
+		fullCommand.add(params.getCommand());
+		fullCommand.addAll(params.getArgs());
+
+		ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(fullCommand);
+		processBuilder.environment().putAll(params.getEnv());
+
+		// Start the process
+		try {
+			this.process = processBuilder.start();
+		} catch (IOException e) {
+			throw new RuntimeException("Failed to start process with command: " + fullCommand, e);
+		}
+
+		// Validate process streams
+		if (this.process.getInputStream() == null || process.getOutputStream() == null) {
+			this.process.destroy();
+			throw new RuntimeException("Process input or output stream is null");
+		}
+
+		// Initialize readers and writers
+		this.processErrorReader = this.process.errorReader();
+		this.processReader = this.process.inputReader();
+		this.processWriter = this.process.outputWriter();
+
+		// Start threads
+		this.isRunning = true;
+		startInboundProcessing();
+		startOutboundProcessing();
+		startErrorProcessing();
+	}
+
+	public void awaitForExit() {
+		try {
+			this.process.waitFor();
+		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
+			throw new RuntimeException("Process interrupted", e);
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void startErrorProcessing() {
+		this.errorScheduler.schedule(() -> {
+			try {
+				String line;
+				while (isRunning && processErrorReader != null && (line = processErrorReader.readLine()) != null) {
+					try {
+						System.out.println("Received error line: " + line);
+						// TODO: handle errors, etc.
+						this.getErrorSink().tryEmitNext(line);
+					} catch (Exception e) {
+						throw new RuntimeException(e);
+					}
+				}
+			} catch (IOException e) {
+				if (this.isRunning) {
+					throw new RuntimeException(e);
+				}
+			} finally {
+				this.isRunning = false;
+			}
+		});
+	}
+
+	private void startInboundProcessing() {
+		this.inboundScheduler.schedule(() -> {
+			try {
+				String line;
+				while (this.isRunning && this.processReader != null && (line = this.processReader.readLine()) != null) {
+					try {
+						JSONRPCMessage message = deserializeJsonRpcMessage(line);
+						if (!this.getInboundSink().tryEmitNext(message).isSuccess()) {
+							// TODO: Back off, reschedule, give up?
+							throw new RuntimeException("Failed to enqueue message");
+						}
+					} catch (Exception e) {
+						throw new RuntimeException(e);
+					}
+				}
+			} catch (IOException e) {
+				if (isRunning) {
+					throw new RuntimeException(e);
+				}
+			} finally {
+				isRunning = false;
+			}
+		});
+	}
+
+	private JSONRPCMessage deserializeJsonRpcMessage(String jsonText) throws IOException {
+
+		var map = this.objectMapper.readValue(jsonText, MAP_TYPE_REF);
+
+		// Determine message type based on specific JSON structure
+		if (map.containsKey("method") && map.containsKey("id")) {
+			return this.objectMapper.convertValue(map, JSONRPCRequest.class);
+		} else if (map.containsKey("method") && !map.containsKey("id")) {
+			return this.objectMapper.convertValue(map, JSONRPCNotification.class);
+		} else if (map.containsKey("result") || map.containsKey("error")) {
+			return this.objectMapper.convertValue(map, JSONRPCResponse.class);
+		}
+
+		throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot deserialize JSONRPCMessage: " + jsonText);
+	}
+
+	private void startOutboundProcessing() {
+		this.getOutboundSink()
+				.asFlux()
+				// this bit is important since writes come from user threads and we
+				// want to ensure that the actual writing happens on a dedicated thread
+				.publishOn(outboundScheduler)
+				.handle((message, s) -> {
+					if (message != null) {
+						try {
+							this.processWriter.write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(message));
+							this.processWriter.newLine();
+							this.processWriter.flush();
+							s.next(message);
+						} catch (IOException e) {
+							s.error(new RuntimeException(e));
+						}
+					}
+				})
+				.subscribe();
+	}
+
+	// TODO: provide a non-blocking variant with graceful option
+	public void stop() {
+		this.outboundScheduler.dispose();
+		this.inboundScheduler.dispose();
+		this.errorScheduler.dispose();
+
+		// Destroy process
+		if (this.process != null) {
+			this.process.destroyForcibly();
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void close() {
+
+		this.stop();
+
+		super.close(); // Do we need this?
+
+		// Close resources
+		if (this.processReader != null) {
+			try {
+				this.processReader.close();
+			} catch (IOException e) {
+				e.printStackTrace();
+			}
+		}
+		if (this.processWriter != null) {
+			try {
+				this.processWriter.close();
+			} catch (IOException e) {
+				e.printStackTrace();
+			}
+		}
+		if (this.processErrorReader != null) {
+			try {
+				this.processErrorReader.close();
+			} catch (IOException e) {
+				e.printStackTrace();
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+}

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/client/util/Assert.java

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/* 
+* Copyright 2024 - 2024 the original author or authors.
+* 
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+* 
+* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+* 
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client.util;
+
+import reactor.util.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * @author Christian Tzolov
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ */
+
+public class Assert {
+    /**
+     * Assert that an object is not {@code null}.
+     * 
+     * <pre class="code">
+     * Assert.notNull(clazz, "The class must not be null");
+     * </pre>
+     * 
+     * @param object  the object to check
+     * @param message the exception message to use if the assertion fails
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the object is {@code null}
+     */
+    public static void notNull(@Nullable Object object, String message) {
+        if (object == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(message);
+        }
+    }
+
+    	/**
+	 * Assert that the given String contains valid text content; that is, it must not
+	 * be {@code null} and must contain at least one non-whitespace character.
+	 * <pre class="code">Assert.hasText(name, "'name' must not be empty");</pre>
+	 * @param text the String to check
+	 * @param message the exception message to use if the assertion fails
+	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the text does not contain valid text content
+	 * @see StringUtils#hasText
+	 */
+	public static void hasText(@Nullable String text, String message) {
+		if (!hasText(text)) {
+			throw new IllegalArgumentException(message);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Check whether the given {@code String} contains actual <em>text</em>.
+	 * <p>More specifically, this method returns {@code true} if the
+	 * {@code String} is not {@code null}, its length is greater than 0,
+	 * and it contains at least one non-whitespace character.
+	 * @param str the {@code String} to check (may be {@code null})
+	 * @return {@code true} if the {@code String} is not {@code null}, its
+	 * length is greater than 0, and it does not contain whitespace only
+	 * @see #hasText(CharSequence)
+	 * @see #hasLength(String)
+	 * @see Character#isWhitespace
+	 */
+	public static boolean hasText(@Nullable String str) {
+		return (str != null && !str.isBlank());
+	}
+
+
+}

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/spec/DefaultMcpTransport.java

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/*
+* Copyright 2024 - 2024 the original author or authors.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec;
+
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Sinks;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client.util.Assert;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpSchema.JSONRPCMessage;
+
+/**
+ * @author Christian Tzolov
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ */
+public class DefaultMcpTransport implements McpAsyncTransport {
+
+	protected final ObjectMapper objectMapper;
+
+	private final Sinks.Many<String> errorSink;
+	private final Sinks.Many<JSONRPCMessage> inboundSink;
+	private final Sinks.Many<JSONRPCMessage> outboundSink;
+
+	private Consumer<JSONRPCMessage> inboundMessageHandler = message -> System.out
+			.println("Received message: " + message);
+	private Consumer<String> errorHandler = error -> System.err.println("Received error: " + error);
+
+	public DefaultMcpTransport() {		
+		this(new ObjectMapper());
+	}
+
+	public DefaultMcpTransport(ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
+
+		Assert.notNull(objectMapper, "ObjectMapper must not be null");
+		this.objectMapper = objectMapper;
+
+		// TODO: consider the effects of buffering here -> the inter-process pipes are
+		// independent and the notifications can flood the client/server.
+		// Potentially, the interest in reading could be communicated from one party
+		// to the other so the Blocking IO Threads can pause consuming the stream
+		// buffers when there is no expectation for reading.
+
+		this.errorSink = Sinks.many().unicast().onBackpressureBuffer();
+		this.inboundSink = Sinks.many().unicast().onBackpressureBuffer();
+		this.outboundSink = Sinks.many().unicast().onBackpressureBuffer();
+
+		this.handleIncomingMessages();
+	}
+
+	public ObjectMapper getObjectMapper() {
+		return this.objectMapper;
+	}
+
+	private void handleIncomingMessages() {
+		this.inboundSink.asFlux()
+				.subscribe(message -> this.inboundMessageHandler.accept(message));
+	}
+
+	private void handleIncomingErrors() {
+		this.errorSink.asFlux().subscribe(e -> {
+			this.errorHandler.accept(e);
+			System.err.println(e);
+		});
+	}
+
+	protected Sinks.Many<JSONRPCMessage> getInboundSink() {
+		return inboundSink;
+	}
+
+	protected Sinks.Many<JSONRPCMessage> getOutboundSink() {
+		return outboundSink;
+	}
+
+	protected Sinks.Many<String> getErrorSink() {
+		return errorSink;
+	}
+
+	public void setInboudMessageHandler(Consumer<JSONRPCMessage> inboundMessageHandler) {
+		this.inboundMessageHandler = inboundMessageHandler;
+	}
+
+	public void setErrorHandler(Consumer<String> errorHandler) {
+		this.errorHandler = errorHandler;
+	}
+
+	// Start processing incoming messages
+	public void start() {
+		this.handleIncomingErrors();
+		this.handleIncomingMessages();
+	}
+
+	// Close the transport
+	@Override
+	public void close() {
+		// this.onClose();
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public Mono<Void> sendMessage(JSONRPCMessage message) {
+		if (this.outboundSink.tryEmitNext(message).isSuccess()) {
+			// TODO: essentially we could reschedule ourselves in some time and make
+			// another attempt with the already read data but pause reading until
+			// success
+			// In this approach we delegate the retry and the backpressure onto the
+			// caller. This might be enough for most cases.
+			return Mono.empty();
+		} else {
+			return Mono.error(new RuntimeException("Failed to enqueue message"));
+		}
+	}
+}

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/spec/McpAsyncSession.java

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
+import reactor.core.publisher.MonoSink;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.client.util.Assert;
+
+public class McpAsyncSession {
+
+	private final ConcurrentHashMap<Object, MonoSink<McpSchema.JSONRPCResponse>> pendingResponses = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+	private final Duration requestTimeout;
+
+	private final ObjectMapper objectMapper;
+
+	private final McpAsyncTransport transport;
+
+	public McpAsyncSession(Duration requestTimeout, ObjectMapper objectMapper, McpAsyncTransport transport) {
+
+		Assert.notNull(objectMapper, "The ObjectMapper can not be null");
+		Assert.notNull(requestTimeout, "The requstTimeout can not be null");
+		Assert.notNull(transport, "The transport can not be null");
+
+		this.requestTimeout = requestTimeout;
+		this.objectMapper = objectMapper;
+		this.transport = transport;
+
+		this.transport.setInboudMessageHandler(message -> {
+			switch (message) {
+				case McpSchema.JSONRPCResponse response -> {
+					var sink = pendingResponses.remove(response.id());
+					if (sink == null) {
+						System.out.println("Unexpected response for unkown id " + response.id());
+					} else {
+						sink.success(response);
+					}
+				}
+				case McpSchema.JSONRPCRequest request -> {
+					System.out.println("Client does not yet support server requests");
+				}
+				case McpSchema.JSONRPCNotification notification -> {
+					System.out.println("Notifications not yet supported");
+				}
+			}
+		});
+
+		this.transport.setErrorHandler(error -> System.out.println("Error received " + error));
+
+		this.transport.start();
+	}
+
+	public <T> Mono<T> sendRequest(String method, Object requestParams, TypeReference<T> typeRef) {
+		String requestId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
+
+		return Mono.<McpSchema.JSONRPCResponse>create(sink -> {
+			this.pendingResponses.put(requestId, sink);
+			McpSchema.JSONRPCRequest jsonrpcRequest = new McpSchema.JSONRPCRequest(McpSchema.JSONRPC_VERSION, method,
+					requestId, requestParams);
+			try {
+				// TODO: This is non-blocking, but it's actually a synchronous call,
+				// perhaps there's no need to make it return Mono?
+				this.transport.sendMessage(jsonrpcRequest)
+						// TODO: It's most efficient to create a dedicated
+						// Subscriber here
+						.subscribe(v -> {
+						}, e -> {
+							this.pendingResponses.remove(requestId);
+							sink.error(e);
+						});
+			} catch (Exception e) {
+				sink.error(e);
+			}
+		}).timeout(this.requestTimeout).handle((jsonRpcResponse, s) -> {
+			if (jsonRpcResponse.error() != null) {
+				s.error(new McpError(jsonRpcResponse.error()));
+			} else {
+				if (typeRef.getType().getTypeName().equals("java.lang.Void")) {
+					s.complete();
+				} else {
+					s.next(this.objectMapper.convertValue(jsonRpcResponse.result(), typeRef));
+				}
+			}
+		});
+	}
+
+	public static class McpError extends RuntimeException {
+
+		public McpError(Object error) {
+			super(error.toString());
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	public Mono<Void> sendNotification(String method) {
+		return sendNotification(method, null);
+	}
+
+	public Mono<Void> sendNotification(String method, Map<String, Object> params) {
+		McpSchema.JSONRPCNotification jsonrpcNotification = new McpSchema.JSONRPCNotification(McpSchema.JSONRPC_VERSION,
+				method, params);
+		try {
+			// TODO: make it non-blocking
+			this.transport.sendMessage(jsonrpcNotification);
+		} catch (Exception e) {
+			return Mono.error(new McpError(e));
+		}
+		return Mono.empty();
+	}
+
+	public Mono<Void> closeGracefully(Duration timeout) {
+		// TODO handle the timeout in transport
+		return Mono.fromRunnable(this.transport::close);
+	}
+
+}

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/spec/McpAsyncTransport.java

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/* 
+* Copyright 2024 - 2024 the original author or authors.
+* 
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+* 
+* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+* 
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/ 
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec;
+
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
+import spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec.McpSchema.JSONRPCMessage;
+
+/**
+ * @author Christian Tzolov
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ */
+
+public interface McpAsyncTransport extends AutoCloseable{
+    
+    void start();
+
+	void close();
+
+    void setInboudMessageHandler(Consumer<JSONRPCMessage> messageReader);
+
+	void setErrorHandler(Consumer<String> errorReader);
+
+	Mono<Void> sendMessage(JSONRPCMessage message);    
+}

mcp/src/main/java/spring/ai/experimental/mcp/spec/McpSchema.java

@@ -0,0 +1,524 @@
+/*
+* Copyright 2024 - 2024 the original author or authors.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package spring.ai.experimental.mcp.spec;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonSubTypes;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonTypeInfo;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonTypeInfo.As;
+
+/**
+ * Based on the <a href="http://www.jsonrpc.org/specification">JSON-RPC 2.0
+ * specification<a/> and the <a href=
+ * "https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/specification/blob/main/schema/schema.ts">Model
+ * Context Protocol Schema</a>.
+ *
+ * @author Christian Tzolov
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ */
+public class McpSchema {
+
+	public static final String LATEST_PROTOCOL_VERSION = "2024-11-05";
+
+	public static final String JSONRPC_VERSION = "2.0";
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// JSON-RPC Error Codes
+	// ---------------------------
+	public final class ErrorCodes {
+
+		public static final int PARSE_ERROR = -32700;
+
+		public static final int INVALID_REQUEST = -32600;
+
+		public static final int METHOD_NOT_FOUND = -32601;
+
+		public static final int INVALID_PARAMS = -32602;
+
+		public static final int INTERNAL_ERROR = -32603;
+
+	}
+
+	public sealed interface Request permits InitializeRequest, CallToolRequest, CreateMessageRequest, CompleteRequest {
+
+	}
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// JSON-RPC Message Types
+	// ---------------------------
+	public sealed interface JSONRPCMessage permits JSONRPCRequest, JSONRPCNotification, JSONRPCResponse {
+
+		String jsonrpc();
+
+	}
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record JSONRPCRequest( // @formatter:off
+			@JsonProperty("jsonrpc") String jsonrpc,
+			@JsonProperty("method") String method,
+			@JsonProperty("id") Object id,
+			@JsonProperty("params") Object params) implements JSONRPCMessage {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record JSONRPCNotification( // @formatter:off
+			@JsonProperty("jsonrpc") String jsonrpc,
+			@JsonProperty("method") String method,
+			@JsonProperty("params") Map<String, Object> params) implements JSONRPCMessage {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record JSONRPCResponse( // @formatter:off
+			@JsonProperty("jsonrpc") String jsonrpc,
+			@JsonProperty("id") Object id,
+			@JsonProperty("result") Object result,
+			@JsonProperty("error") JSONRPCError error) implements JSONRPCMessage {
+
+		@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+		public record JSONRPCError(
+			@JsonProperty("code") int code,
+			@JsonProperty("message") String message,
+			@JsonProperty("data") Object data) {
+		}
+	}// @formatter:on
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Initialization
+	// ---------------------------
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record InitializeRequest( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("protocolVersion") String protocolVersion,
+		@JsonProperty("capabilities") ClientCapabilities capabilities,
+		@JsonProperty("clientInfo") Implementation clientInfo) implements Request {		
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record InitializeResult( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("protocolVersion") String protocolVersion,
+		@JsonProperty("capabilities") ServerCapabilities capabilities,
+		@JsonProperty("serverInfo") Implementation serverInfo,
+		@JsonProperty("instructions") String instructions) {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ClientCapabilities( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("experimental") Map<String, Object> experimental,
+		@JsonProperty("roots") RootCapabilities roots,
+		@JsonProperty("sampling") Object sampling) {
+
+		@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)			
+		public record RootCapabilities(
+			@JsonProperty("listChanged") Boolean listChanged) {
+		}
+	}// @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ServerCapabilities( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("experimental") Map<String, Object> experimental,
+		@JsonProperty("logging") Object logging,
+		@JsonProperty("prompts") PromptCapabilities prompts,
+		@JsonProperty("resources") ResourceCapabilities resources,
+		@JsonProperty("tools") ToolCapabilities tools) {
+		
+		@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+		public record PromptCapabilities(
+			@JsonProperty("listChanged") Boolean listChanged) {
+		}
+
+		@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+		public record ResourceCapabilities(
+			@JsonProperty("subscribe") Boolean subscribe,
+			@JsonProperty("listChanged") Boolean listChanged) {
+		}
+
+		@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+		public record ToolCapabilities(
+			@JsonProperty("listChanged") Boolean listChanged) {
+		}
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record Implementation(// @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("name") String name,
+		@JsonProperty("version") String version) {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	// Existing Enums and Base Types (from previous implementation)
+	public enum Role {
+
+		USER, ASSISTANT
+
+	}
+
+	public enum LoggingLevel {
+
+		DEBUG, INFO, NOTICE, WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL, ALERT, EMERGENCY
+
+	}
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Resource Interfaces
+	// ---------------------------
+	/**
+	 * Base for objects that include optional annotations for the client. The client can
+	 * use annotations to inform how objects are used or displayed
+	 */
+	public interface Annotated {
+
+		Annotations annotations();
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param audience Describes who the intended customer of this object or data is. It
+	 * can include multiple entries to indicate content useful for multiple audiences
+	 * (e.g., `["user", "assistant"]`).
+	 * @param priority Describes how important this data is for operating the server. A
+	 * value of 1 means "most important," and indicates that the data is effectively
+	 * required, while 0 means "least important," and indicates that the data is entirely
+	 * optional. It is a number between 0 and 1.
+	 */
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record Annotations( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("audience") List<Role> audience,
+		@JsonProperty("priority") Double priority) {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	/**
+	 * A known resource that the server is capable of reading.
+	 *
+	 * @param uri the URI of the resource.
+	 * @param name A human-readable name for this resource. This can be used by clients to
+	 * populate UI elements.
+	 * @param description A description of what this resource represents. This can be used
+	 * by clients to improve the LLM's understanding of available resources. It can be
+	 * thought of like a "hint" to the model.
+	 * @param mimeType The MIME type of this resource, if known.
+	 */
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	@JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
+	public record Resource( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("uri") String uri,
+		@JsonProperty("name") String name,
+		@JsonProperty("description") String description,
+		@JsonProperty("mimeType") String mimeType,
+		@JsonProperty("annotations") Annotations annotations) implements Annotated {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ResourceTemplate( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("uriTemplate") String uriTemplate,
+		@JsonProperty("name") String name,
+		@JsonProperty("description") String description,
+		@JsonProperty("mimeType") String mimeType,
+		@JsonProperty("annotations") Annotations annotations) implements Annotated {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ListResourcesResult( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("resources") List<Resource> resources,
+		@JsonProperty("nextCursor") String nextCursor) {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ListResourceTemplatesResult( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("resourceTemplates") List<ResourceTemplate> resourceTemplates,
+		@JsonProperty("nextCursor") String nextCursor) {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ReadResourceRequest( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("uri") String uri){
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ReadResourceResult( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("contents") List<ResourceContents> contents){
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	/**
+	 * Sent from the client to request resources/updated notifications from the server
+	 * whenever a particular resource changes.
+	 *
+	 * @param uri the URI of the resource to subscribe to. The URI can use any protocol;
+	 * it is up to the server how to interpret it.
+	 */
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record SubscribeRequest( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("uri") String uri){
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record UnsubscribeRequest( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("uri") String uri){
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	/**
+	 * The contents of a specific resource or sub-resource.
+	 */
+	@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.DEDUCTION, include = As.PROPERTY)
+	@JsonSubTypes({ @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = TextResourceContents.class, name = "text"),
+			@JsonSubTypes.Type(value = BlobResourceContents.class, name = "blob") })
+	public sealed interface ResourceContents permits TextResourceContents, BlobResourceContents {
+
+		/**
+		 * The URI of this resource.
+		 * @return the URI of this resource.
+		 */
+		String uri();
+
+		/**
+		 * The MIME type of this resource.
+		 * @return the MIME type of this resource.
+		 */
+		String mimeType();
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Text contents of a resource.
+	 *
+	 * @param uri the URI of this resource.
+	 * @param mimeType the MIME type of this resource.
+	 * @param text the text of the resource. This must only be set if the resource can
+	 * actually be represented as text (not binary data).
+	 */
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record TextResourceContents( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("uri") String uri,
+		@JsonProperty("mimeType") String mimeType,
+		@JsonProperty("text") String text) implements ResourceContents {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	/**
+	 * Binary contents of a resource.
+	 *
+	 * @param uri the URI of this resource.
+	 * @param mimeType the MIME type of this resource.
+	 * @param blob a base64-encoded string representing the binary data of the resource.
+	 * This must only be set if the resource can actually be represented as binary data
+	 * (not text).
+	 */
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record BlobResourceContents( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("uri") String uri,
+		@JsonProperty("mimeType") String mimeType,
+		@JsonProperty("blob") String blob) implements ResourceContents {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Prompt Interfaces
+	// ---------------------------
+	public record Prompt(String name, String description, List<PromptArgument> arguments) {
+	}
+
+	public record PromptArgument(String name, String description, Boolean required) {
+	}
+
+	public record PromptMessage(Role role, Content content) {
+	}
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Tool Interfaces
+	// ---------------------------
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ListToolsResult( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("tools") List<Tool> tools,
+		@JsonProperty("nextCursor") String nextCursor) {
+	}// @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record Tool( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("name") String name,
+		@JsonProperty("description") String description,
+		@JsonProperty("inputSchema") Map<String, Object> inputSchema) {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record CallToolRequest(// @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("name") String name,
+		@JsonProperty("arguments") Map<String, Object> arguments) implements Request {
+	}// @formatter:off
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record CallToolResult( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("content") List<Content> content,
+		@JsonProperty("isError") Boolean isError) {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Sampling Interfaces
+	// ---------------------------
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record SamplingMessage(// @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("role") Role role,
+		@JsonProperty("content") Content content) {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+	// Sampling and Message Creation
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record CreateMessageRequest(List<SamplingMessage> messages, ModelPreferences modelPreferences,
+			String systemPrompt, ContextInclusionStrategy includeContext, Double temperature, int maxTokens,
+			List<String> stopSequences, Map<String, Object> metadata) implements Request {
+
+		public enum ContextInclusionStrategy {
+
+			NONE, THIS_SERVER, ALL_SERVERS
+
+		}
+	}
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record CreateMessageResult(Role role, Content content, String model, StopReason stopReason) {
+		public enum StopReason {
+
+			END_TURN, STOP_SEQUENCE, MAX_TOKENS
+
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Model Preferences
+	// ---------------------------
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ModelPreferences(List<ModelHint> hints, Double costPriority, Double speedPriority,
+			Double intelligencePriority) {
+	}
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ModelHint(String name) {
+	}
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Pagination Interfaces
+	// ---------------------------
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record PaginatedRequest(@JsonProperty("cursor") String cursor) {
+	}
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record PaginatedResult(@JsonProperty("nextCursor") String nextCursor) {
+	}
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Progress and Logging
+	// ---------------------------
+	public record ProgressNotification(String progressToken, double progress, Double total) {
+	}
+
+	public record LoggingMessageNotification(LoggingLevel level, String logger, Object data) {
+	}
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Autocomplete
+	// ---------------------------
+	public record CompleteRequest(PromptOrResourceReference ref, CompleteArgument argument) implements Request {
+		public sealed interface PromptOrResourceReference permits PromptReference, ResourceReference {
+
+			String type();
+
+		}
+
+		public record PromptReference(String type, String name) implements PromptOrResourceReference {
+		}
+
+		public record ResourceReference(String type, String uri) implements PromptOrResourceReference {
+		}
+
+		public record CompleteArgument(String name, String value) {
+		}
+	}
+
+	public record CompleteResult(CompleteCompletion completion) {
+		public record CompleteCompletion(List<String> values, Integer total, Boolean hasMore) {
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Content Types
+	// ---------------------------
+	@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, include = JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY, property = "type")
+	@JsonSubTypes({ @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = TextContent.class, name = "text"),
+			@JsonSubTypes.Type(value = ImageContent.class, name = "image"),
+			@JsonSubTypes.Type(value = EmbeddedResource.class, name = "resource") })
+	public sealed interface Content permits TextContent, ImageContent, EmbeddedResource {
+
+		String type();
+
+	}
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record TextContent( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("audience") List<Role> audience,
+		@JsonProperty("priority") Double priority,
+		@JsonProperty("type") String type,
+		@JsonProperty("text") String text) implements Content { // @formatter:on
+
+		public TextContent {
+			type = "text";
+		}
+
+		public String type() {
+			return type;
+		}
+	}
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record ImageContent( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("audience") List<Role> audience,
+		@JsonProperty("priority") Double priority,
+		@JsonProperty("type") String type,
+		@JsonProperty("data") String data,
+		@JsonProperty("mimeType") String mimeType) implements Content { // @formatter:on
+
+		public ImageContent {
+			type = "image";
+		}
+
+		public String type() {
+			return type;
+		}
+	}
+
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record EmbeddedResource( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("audience") List<Role> audience,
+		@JsonProperty("priority") Double priority,
+		@JsonProperty("type") String type,
+		@JsonProperty("resource") ResourceContents resource) implements Content { // @formatter:on
+
+		public EmbeddedResource {
+			type = "resource";
+		}
+
+		public String type() {
+			return type;
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Roots
+	@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_ABSENT)
+	public record Root( // @formatter:off
+		@JsonProperty("uri") String uri,
+		@JsonProperty("name") String name) {
+	} // @formatter:on
+
+}