feat: Add customizable URI template manager factory to MCP server

Implement URI template functionality for MCP resources, allowing dynamic
resource URIs with variables in the format {variableName}.

- Enable resource URIs with variable placeholders (e.g., "/api/users/{userId}")
- Automatic extraction of variable values from request URIs
- Validation of template arguments in completions
- Matching of request URIs against templates

- Add new URI template management interfaces and implementations
- Enhanced resource template listing to include templated resources
- Updated resource request handling to support template matching
- Test coverage for URI template functionality

- Adding a configurable uriTemplateManagerFactory field to both AsyncSpecification and SyncSpecification classes
- Adding builder methods to allow setting a custom URI template manager factory
- Modifying constructors to pass the URI template manager factory to the server implementation
- Updating the server implementation to use the provided factory
- Add bulk registration methods for async completions

Signed-off-by: Christian Tzolov <christian.tzolov@broadcom.com>

mcp/src/test/java/io/modelcontextprotocol/McpUriTemplateManagerTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2025-2025 the original author or authors.
+ */
+
+package io.modelcontextprotocol;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import io.modelcontextprotocol.util.DeafaultMcpUriTemplateManagerFactory;
+import io.modelcontextprotocol.util.McpUriTemplateManager;
+import io.modelcontextprotocol.util.McpUriTemplateManagerFactory;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link McpUriTemplateManager} and its implementations.
+ *
+ * @author Christian Tzolov
+ */
+public class McpUriTemplateManagerTests {
+
+	private McpUriTemplateManagerFactory uriTemplateFactory;
+
+	@BeforeEach
+	void setUp() {
+		this.uriTemplateFactory = new DeafaultMcpUriTemplateManagerFactory();
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldExtractVariableNamesFromTemplate() {
+		List<String> variables = this.uriTemplateFactory.create("/api/users/{userId}/posts/{postId}")
+			.getVariableNames();
+		assertEquals(2, variables.size());
+		assertEquals("userId", variables.get(0));
+		assertEquals("postId", variables.get(1));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldReturnEmptyListWhenTemplateHasNoVariables() {
+		List<String> variables = this.uriTemplateFactory.create("/api/users/all").getVariableNames();
+		assertEquals(0, variables.size());
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldThrowExceptionWhenExtractingVariablesFromNullTemplate() {
+		assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> this.uriTemplateFactory.create(null).getVariableNames());
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldThrowExceptionWhenExtractingVariablesFromEmptyTemplate() {
+		assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> this.uriTemplateFactory.create("").getVariableNames());
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldThrowExceptionWhenTemplateContainsDuplicateVariables() {
+		assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+				() -> this.uriTemplateFactory.create("/api/users/{userId}/posts/{userId}").getVariableNames());
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldExtractVariableValuesFromRequestUri() {
+		Map<String, String> values = this.uriTemplateFactory.create("/api/users/{userId}/posts/{postId}")
+			.extractVariableValues("/api/users/123/posts/456");
+		assertEquals(2, values.size());
+		assertEquals("123", values.get("userId"));
+		assertEquals("456", values.get("postId"));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldReturnEmptyMapWhenTemplateHasNoVariables() {
+		Map<String, String> values = this.uriTemplateFactory.create("/api/users/all")
+			.extractVariableValues("/api/users/all");
+		assertEquals(0, values.size());
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldReturnEmptyMapWhenRequestUriIsNull() {
+		Map<String, String> values = this.uriTemplateFactory.create("/api/users/{userId}/posts/{postId}")
+			.extractVariableValues(null);
+		assertEquals(0, values.size());
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldMatchUriAgainstTemplatePattern() {
+		var uriTemplateManager = this.uriTemplateFactory.create("/api/users/{userId}/posts/{postId}");
+
+		assertTrue(uriTemplateManager.matches("/api/users/123/posts/456"));
+		assertFalse(uriTemplateManager.matches("/api/users/123/comments/456"));
+	}
+
+}