<?php

/*
 * This file is part of the official PHP MCP SDK.
 *
 * A collaboration between Symfony and the PHP Foundation.
 *
 * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
 * file that was distributed with this source code.
 */

namespace Mcp\Schema\JsonRpc;

use Mcp\Exception\InvalidArgumentException;
use Mcp\Schema\ClientCapabilities;
use Mcp\Schema\Enum\ProtocolVersion;

/**
 * A response to a request that indicates an error occurred.
 *
 * @phpstan-type ErrorData array{
 *     jsonrpc: string,
 *     id: string|int,
 *     code: int,
 *     message: string,
 *     data?: mixed,
 * }
 *
 * @author Kyrian Obikwelu <koshnawaza@gmail.com>
 */
class Error implements MessageInterface
{
    public const PARSE_ERROR = -32700;
    public const INVALID_REQUEST = -32600;
    public const METHOD_NOT_FOUND = -32601;
    public const INVALID_PARAMS = -32602;
    public const INTERNAL_ERROR = -32603;
    public const SERVER_ERROR = -32000;
    public const RESOURCE_NOT_FOUND = -32002;

    /**
     * Values in the HTTP headers contradict the request body, or a required
     * header is missing or malformed. Answered with `400 Bad Request`.
     */
    public const HEADER_MISMATCH = -32020;

    /**
     * Handling the request needs a client capability the client never declared.
     * Answered with `400 Bad Request`.
     */
    public const MISSING_REQUIRED_CLIENT_CAPABILITY = -32021;

    /**
     * The request's protocol version is unknown to this server, or is a version
     * it has chosen not to implement. Answered with `400 Bad Request`.
     */
    public const UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL_VERSION = -32022;

    /**
     * @param string|int|null $id      The id of the request this answers. `null` only when it could not be
     *                                 read — a malformed body, or a notification that was refused — in which
     *                                 case the member is omitted rather than sent as an id nobody issued.
     * @param int             $code    the error type that occurred
     * @param string          $message a short description of the error
     * @param mixed|null      $data    additional information about the error
     */
    public function __construct(
        public readonly string|int|null $id,
        public readonly int $code,
        public readonly string $message,
        public readonly mixed $data = null,
    ) {
    }

    /**
     * @param ErrorData $data
     */
    final public static function fromArray(array $data): self
    {
        if (!isset($data['jsonrpc']) || MessageInterface::JSONRPC_VERSION !== $data['jsonrpc']) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid or missing "jsonrpc" in Error data.');
        }
        // An error response carrying no id is well-formed: it is what a
        // receiver sends when the id could not be read off the request.
        if (isset($data['id']) && !\is_string($data['id']) && !\is_int($data['id'])) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid "id" type in Error data.');
        }
        if (!isset($data['error']) || !\is_array($data['error'])) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid or missing "error" field in Error data.');
        }
        if (!isset($data['error']['code']) || !\is_int($data['error']['code'])) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid or missing "code" in Error data.');
        }
        if (!isset($data['error']['message']) || !\is_string($data['error']['message'])) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid or missing "message" in Error data.');
        }

        return new self($data['id'] ?? null, $data['error']['code'], $data['error']['message'], $data['error']['data'] ?? null);
    }

    final public static function forParseError(string $message, string|int|null $id = null): self
    {
        return new self($id, self::PARSE_ERROR, $message);
    }

    final public static function forInvalidRequest(string $message, string|int|null $id = null): self
    {
        return new self($id, self::INVALID_REQUEST, $message);
    }

    final public static function forMethodNotFound(string $message, string|int|null $id = null): self
    {
        return new self($id, self::METHOD_NOT_FOUND, $message);
    }

    final public static function forInvalidParams(string $message, string|int|null $id = null, mixed $data = null): self
    {
        return new self($id, self::INVALID_PARAMS, $message, $data);
    }

    final public static function forInternalError(string $message, string|int|null $id = null): self
    {
        return new self($id, self::INTERNAL_ERROR, $message);
    }

    final public static function forServerError(string $message, string|int|null $id = null): self
    {
        return new self($id, self::SERVER_ERROR, $message);
    }

    final public static function forResourceNotFound(string $message, string|int|null $id = null): self
    {
        return new self($id, self::RESOURCE_NOT_FOUND, $message);
    }

    final public static function forHeaderMismatch(string $message, string|int|null $id = null): self
    {
        return new self($id, self::HEADER_MISMATCH, $message);
    }

    /**
     * @param ClientCapabilities $requiredCapabilities the capabilities the server needs to process the request
     */
    final public static function forMissingRequiredClientCapability(
        string $message,
        ClientCapabilities $requiredCapabilities,
        string|int|null $id = null,
    ): self {
        return new self($id, self::MISSING_REQUIRED_CLIENT_CAPABILITY, $message, [
            'requiredCapabilities' => $requiredCapabilities,
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * The client is expected to pick a mutually supported version out of
     * $supported and retry, so the list travels with the error rather than
     * only in the message.
     *
     * @param list<ProtocolVersion> $supported versions this server does support
     */
    final public static function forUnsupportedProtocolVersion(
        string $requested,
        array $supported,
        string|int|null $id = null,
    ): self {
        return new self($id, self::UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL_VERSION, 'Unsupported protocol version', [
            'requested' => $requested,
            'supported' => array_values(array_map(static fn (ProtocolVersion $v): string => $v->value, $supported)),
        ]);
    }

    public function getId(): string|int|null
    {
        return $this->id;
    }

    /**
     * @return array{
     *     jsonrpc: string,
     *     id?: string|int,
     *     error: array{
     *         code: int,
     *         message: string,
     *         data?: mixed,
     *     },
     * }
     */
    public function jsonSerialize(): array
    {
        $error = [
            'code' => $this->code,
            'message' => $this->message,
        ];

        if (null !== $this->data) {
            $error['data'] = $this->data;
        }

        $data = ['jsonrpc' => MessageInterface::JSONRPC_VERSION];

        // Omitted, not empty: `"id": ""` claims the sender issued a request
        // with an empty-string id, which is a different statement from "the
        // id could not be read".
        if (null !== $this->id) {
            $data['id'] = $this->id;
        }

        $data['error'] = $error;

        return $data;
    }
}