Support sampling/createMessage per MCP specification

## Motivation and Context

The MCP specification defines `sampling/createMessage` to request LLM completions from the client.
The Ruby SDK did not yet support server-to-client requests,
so the server had no way to ask the client to sample an LLM.
This caused the `tools-call-sampling` conformance test to fail.

This adds `Server#create_sampling_message` to send a `sampling/createMessage` request
to the client via the transport layer. The method validates that the client declared
the `sampling` capability during initialization, and optionally checks the
`sampling.tools` capability when tools or tool_choice parameters are provided.

On the transport side, `Transport#send_request` is introduced as an abstract method,
with implementations in both `StdioTransport` and `StreamableHTTPTransport`.
Each transport assigns a unique request ID, sends the JSON-RPC request to the client,
and blocks until the client responds.

Client capabilities are stored per session via `ServerSession`, so validation is scoped
to the originating client. `ServerSession#create_sampling_message` uses
`build_sampling_params` for capability validation and sends the request directly through
the transport with the session ID, following the same pattern as `notify_progress`.

`Server#create_sampling_message` is the public API for single-client transports
(e.g., StdioTransport).

For multi-client transports (e.g., StreamableHTTPTransport),
`ServerSession#create_sampling_message` must be used to route requests to the correct client.
Tools using `server_context.create_sampling_message` automatically route to the correct session
regardless of transport.

`StreamableHTTPTransport#send_request` requires `session_id` to prevent broadcasting sampling requests
to all connected clients. Missing or invalid session IDs raise explicit errors instead of silently failing.

The `include_context` parameter is soft-deprecated in the MCP specification but is included
for compatibility with existing clients that declare the `sampling.context` capability.
Python and TypeScript SDKs also retain this parameter.

Ref: https://modelcontextprotocol.io/specification/latest/server/utilities/sampling

## How Has This Been Tested?

Added comprehensive tests in `test/mcp/server_sampling_test.rb` covering required and optional parameters,
capability validation, error handling, nil-param omission, per-session capability isolation,
and HTTP init capability scoping.

Added transport tests in `test/mcp/server/transports/stdio_transport_test.rb` and
`test/mcp/server/transports/streamable_http_transport_test.rb` for `send_request` round-trip behavior,
error responses, stateless mode rejection, missing session_id, invalid session_id, and no-active-stream error.

Conformance: `tools-call-sampling` is removed from expected failures. The conformance server's `TestSampling`
tool now calls `server_context.create_sampling_message` instead of returning a stub error.

This aligns the Ruby SDK with the MCP specification and other SDK implementations.

## Breaking Changes

None for end users.
`Transport#send_request` is a new abstract method. `ServerSession#create_sampling_message` is a new method.

conformance/expected_failures.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 server:
-  # TODO: Server-to-client requests (sampling/createMessage, elicitation/create) are not implemented.
-  # `Transport#send_request` does not exist in the current SDK.
-  - tools-call-sampling
+  # TODO: Server-to-client requests (elicitation/create) are not implemented.
   - tools-call-elicitation
   - elicitation-sep1034-defaults
   - elicitation-sep1330-enums

conformance/server.rb

@@ -156,7 +156,6 @@ module Conformance
       end
     end
 
-    # TODO: Implement when `Transport` supports server-to-client requests.
     class TestSampling < MCP::Tool
       tool_name "test_sampling"
       description "A tool that requests LLM sampling from the client"
@@ -166,11 +165,15 @@ module Conformance
       )
 
       class << self
-        def call(prompt:)
-          MCP::Tool::Response.new(
-            [MCP::Content::Text.new("Sampling not supported in this SDK version").to_h],
-            error: true,
+        def call(prompt:, server_context:)
+          result = server_context.create_sampling_message(
+            messages: [{ role: "user", content: { type: "text", text: prompt } }],
+            max_tokens: 100,
           )
+          model = result[:model] || "unknown"
+          text = result.dig(:content, :text) || ""
+
+          MCP::Tool::Response.new([MCP::Content::Text.new("LLM response: #{text} (model: #{model})").to_h])
         end
       end
     end