The spec's prompt-message ContentBlock union is
`text | image | audio | resource_link | resource`, but
PromptMessageContent omitted `Audio`. Because the enum is
`#[serde(tag = "type")]` with no catch-all, a spec-conformant
`{"type":"audio",...}` content block failed to deserialize with
"unknown variant `audio`", breaking prompts/get for any server that
returns audio prompt content (the audio analogue of #842 / #843).
The supporting AudioContent type already existed, and Audio was
already a variant of the general RawContent enum (tool results,
sampling) -- only PromptMessageContent lacked it.
Add the flattened Audio variant (mirroring Image), a
PromptMessage::new_audio constructor (mirroring new_image), and
serialization + deserialization regression tests.
Fixes#864.
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
* fix(elicitation): preserve enumNames through ElicitationSchema serde round-trip
UntitledSingleSelectEnumSchema lacked deny_unknown_fields, so a legacy
enum payload containing enumNames was silently matched by that variant
(ignoring the field) rather than falling through to LegacyEnumSchema.
The enumNames array was lost on re-serialization.
Add deny_unknown_fields to UntitledSingleSelectEnumSchema so that any
unknown field (including enumNames) causes serde to try the next
untagged variant, reaching LegacyEnumSchema correctly.
Also add skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none" to
LegacyEnumSchema::enum_names so that an untitled legacy enum without
enumNames does not serialize "enumNames": null.
Fixes#903
* test(elicitation): regenerate server schema snapshot for deny_unknown_fields
deny_unknown_fields on UntitledSingleSelectEnumSchema makes schemars
emit additionalProperties: false for that definition. Regenerate the
golden schema fixtures to match (UPDATE_SCHEMA=1 cargo test -p rmcp
--test test_message_schema --all-features).
SEP-2577 deprecates the Roots, Sampling, and Logging features. The
deprecation is advisory: the features stay fully functional and there is
no wire-level change. Mark the corresponding Rust APIs as deprecated so
downstream users get compiler warnings and migration guidance.
- Forward attributes through the service `method!` macros and deprecate
`Peer::create_message`, `Peer::list_roots`, `Peer::set_level`, and
`Peer::notify_logging_message`.
- Forward per-field attributes through the capability `builder!` macro and
deprecate the generated `enable_roots`, `enable_sampling`, and
`enable_logging` builders, plus the hand-written
`enable_roots_list_changed`, `enable_sampling_tools`, and
`enable_sampling_context`.
- Document the deprecation on the capability types and fields, and in the
README feature sections.
- Allow `deprecated` at the crate's own call sites so the build stays
warning-clean, and refresh the message schema snapshots.
The Resource variant of PromptMessageContent was missing #[serde(flatten)],
causing the embedded resource content block to serialize as a double-nested
shape `{ "type": "resource", "resource": { "resource": {...} } }` instead of
the spec-compliant flat shape `{ "type": "resource", "resource": {uri, mimeType, text} }`.
This caused Zod-based MCP clients (e.g. Claude Code) to reject prompts/get
responses containing embedded resource messages with InvalidUnion errors.
The Image and ResourceLink variants already use #[serde(flatten)] correctly;
only Resource was missing it.
Fix: add #[serde(flatten)] so EmbeddedResource (=Annotated<RawEmbeddedResource>)
fields _meta / annotations / resource are flattened to the content-block level,
matching the MCP spec for prompts embedded resources.
Regression test: test_prompt_message_resource_serialization_is_flat verifies
content.resource.uri is reachable and content.resource.resource is absent.
Schema snapshots regenerated via UPDATE_SCHEMA=1.
* feat: add theme field to Icon
* fix: update IconThem crates/rmcp/src/model.rs (non_exhaustive)
Co-authored-by: Dale Seo <5466341+DaleSeo@users.noreply.github.com>
* fix: update IconThem crates/rmcp/src/model.rs (eq, hash)
Co-authored-by: Dale Seo <5466341+DaleSeo@users.noreply.github.com>
* fix: update docs with full descriptions of theme from mcp spec
---------
Co-authored-by: Dale Seo <5466341+DaleSeo@users.noreply.github.com>
The `#[serde(default)]` on `CallToolResult.content` (added in #752) made
all fields optional, causing `CallToolResult` to greedily match any JSON
object during `#[serde(untagged)]` deserialization of `ServerResult`.
Similarly, `GetTaskPayloadResult(Value)` matched everything before
`CustomResult(Value)` could be reached.
Fix by replacing derived `Deserialize` impls with custom ones:
- `CallToolResult`: require at least one known field to be present
- `GetTaskPayloadResult`: always fail (indistinguishable from
`CustomResult` in JSON; construct programmatically via `::new()`)
* fix: builder with_* methods take T instead of Option<T>
* fix: emit conditional builder calls for optional fields in macros
* fix: convert with_task, with_stop_reason, with_logger, with_content to proper builders
* fix: update test callers for new builder signatures
* fix: simplify make_task helper and remove unused import
* fix: update sampling_stdio example for new with_stop_reason signature
* fix: make annotations and execution Option<Expr> consistent with other fields
* fix: remove unused none_expr import
Add support for MCP extension capabilities in both ClientCapabilities
and ServerCapabilities structs, as specified in SEP-1724.
Changes:
- Add ExtensionCapabilities type alias (BTreeMap<String, JsonObject>)
- Add 'extensions' field to ClientCapabilities struct
- Add 'extensions' field to ServerCapabilities struct
- Update builder macros and impl blocks for both structs
- Add comprehensive tests for extension capabilities
- Update JSON schema test fixtures
This enables clients to advertise extension support during initialize,
such as:
{
"capabilities": {
"extensions": {
"io.modelcontextprotocol/ui": {
"mimeTypes": ["text/html;profile=mcp-app"]
}
}
}
}
Closes#530
* feat: implement SEP-1319 Decouple Request Payload from RPC Methods
* test: update tests
* fix: update handler trait methods to use new types
* fix: update examples
* fix: correct deprecation version
* fix: update wrapper macros to use new *Params type names
#580 and #556 introduced support for custom notifications,
so this PR takes the next logical step and adds support for custom requests:
- Introduces `CustomRequest` and `CustomResult` model types, wires them into the client/server
request and result unions, and allows `ClientRequest::method()` to return the dynamic method
name.
- Implements serde and meta handling for `CustomRequest` so `_meta` is carried through
extensions; adds default `on_custom_request` handlers that return `METHOD_NOT_FOUND` unless
overridden.
- Updates JSON schema fixtures to include the new request/result shapes and `EmptyObject`
strictness.
- Adds tests for custom request roundtrips and end-to-end client↔server handling.
- Focused integration test in `crates/rmcp/tests/test_custom_request.rs`.
For additional testing, I used this locally to update Codex to use a custom
request instead of a custom notification so that it gets an "ack" from the MCP
server to ensure it has processed the update before sending more messages:
https://github.com/openai/codex/pull/8142.
https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/rust-sdk/pull/556 introduced support for
custom client notifications, so this PR makes the complementary change, adding
support for custom server notifications.
MCP clients, particularly ones that offer "experimental" capabilities,
may wish to handle custom server notifications that are not part of the
standard MCP specification. This change introduces a new
`CustomServerNotification` type that allows a client to process
such custom notifications.
- introduces `CustomServerNotification` to carry arbitrary methods/params while
still preserving meta/extensions; wires it into the `ServerNotification` union
and `serde` so `params` can be decoded with `params_as`
- allows client handlers to receive custom notifications via a new
`on_custom_notification` hook
- adds integration coverage that sends a custom server notification end-to-end
and asserts the client sees the method and payload
Test:
```shell
cargo test -p rmcp --features client test_custom_server_notification_reaches_client
```
MCP servers, particularly ones that offer "experimental" capabilities,
may wish to handle custom client notifications that are not part of the
standard MCP specification. This change introduces a new
`CustomClientNotification` type that allows a server to process
such custom notifications.
- introduces `CustomClientNotification` to carry arbitrary methods/params while
still preserving meta/extensions; wires it into the `ClientNotification` union
and `serde` so `params` can be decoded with `params_as`
- allows server handlers to receive custom notifications via a new
`on_custom_notification` hook
- adds integration coverage that sends a custom client notification end-to-end
and asserts the server sees the method and payload
Test:
```shell
cargo test -p rmcp --features client test_custom_client_notification_reaches_server
```
* feat: add type-safe elicitation schema support (#465)
Implement type-safe schema definitions for MCP elicitation requests,
replacing generic `JsonObject` with strongly-typed primitive schemas
per the [MCP 2025-06-18 specification](https://spec.modelcontextprotocol.io/specification/2025-06-18/server/elicitation/).
Features:
- Type-safe schema hierarchy (`StringSchema`, `NumberSchema`, `IntegerSchema`, `BooleanSchema`)
- Builder pattern with fluent API and 20+ convenience methods
- Build-time validation ensuring required fields exist in properties
- Private fields enforcing invariants through validated constructors
- Comprehensive validation support (range, length, format, enums)
- Typed property methods for cleaner schema construction
Benefits:
- Compile-time type safety prevents invalid schema construction
- 60-70% reduction in boilerplate through convenience methods
- Enforces MCP specification requirement for primitive-only properties
- Better IDE autocomplete and type inference
- Runtime validation catches schema errors early
Breaking changes:
- `CreateElicitationRequestParam.requested_schema` changed from `JsonObject` to `ElicitationSchema`
- `ElicitationSchemaBuilder::build()` now returns `Result` instead of direct value
Fixes#465
* fix: fix RMCP compliance
* feat: add conversion methods to ElicitationSchema
Add from_json_schema() and from_type() methods to ElicitationSchema
for easier type-to-schema conversion. This addresses feedback about
improving ergonomics when working with generated schemas.
Also make all struct fields public for better flexibility.
* chore: change `StringFormat` to enum
The JSON-RPC 2.0 specification allows the ID field to be any JSON number,
including negative integers and large values. The previous u32 implementation
was limited to 0-4,294,967,295 and couldn't handle negative IDs.
Changes:
- Changed NumberOrString::Number from u32 to i64 to support full JSON number range
- Updated deserializer to handle both signed and unsigned integers
- Modified AtomicU32Provider to use AtomicU64 internally with i64 conversion
- Fixed progress token handling in meta.rs for i64 values
- Added comprehensive test for negative and large request IDs
This ensures full compliance with the JSON-RPC 2.0 specification.
🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
* feat: add _meta to content blocks and embedded resources; update schemas
* feat: set default protocol version; add _meta to content blocks/resources; update schemas
* chore: format content.rs via rustfmt
* chore(protocol): keep LATEST at 2025-03-26 per review until full 2025-06-18 compliance
* feat(prompt): add constructors with optional meta for image and resource
- Keep text helper; meta is currently ignored for text until schema supports it.
* refactor(prompt): simplify constructors so meta is optional; remove duplicate non-meta variants
* fix: modify code comment about version
* refactor(prompt): rename meta parameters in new_resource function for clarity
* feat(rmcp): support optional _meta on EmbeddedResource and ResourceContents
- Add optional _meta to RawEmbeddedResource and ResourceContents (text/blob)
- Update constructors/usages to set meta: None by default
- Add tests to lock behavior (embedded text/blob + CallToolResult)
- Update JSON Schemas to include optional _meta fields
* style(rmcp): rustfmt after _meta changes and tests
* feat: add resource_link support to tools and prompts
* chore: remove unused serde_json import from test_resource_link_integration.rs
* chore: remove unused serde_json import from test_resource_link.rs
* feat: implement MCP elicitation support for interactive user input
Adds comprehensive elicitation functionality according to MCP 2025-06-18 specification:
Core Features:
- ElicitationAction enum (Accept, Decline, Cancel)
- CreateElicitationRequestParam and CreateElicitationResult structures
- Protocol version V_2025_06_18 with elicitation methods
- Full JSON-RPC integration with method constants
Capabilities Integration:
- ElicitationCapability with schema validation support
- ClientCapabilities builder pattern integration
- enable_elicitation() and enable_elicitation_schema_validation() methods
Handler Support:
- create_elicitation method in ClientHandler and ServerHandler traits
- Integration with existing request/response union types
- Async/await compatible implementation
Service Layer:
- Basic create_elicitation method via macro expansion
- Four convenience methods for common scenarios:
* elicit_confirmation() - yes/no questions
* elicit_text_input() - string input with optional requirements
* elicit_choice() - selection from multiple options
* elicit_structured_input() - complex data via JSON Schema
Comprehensive Testing:
- 11 test cases covering all functionality aspects
- JSON serialization/deserialization validation
- MCP specification compliance verification
- Error handling and edge cases
- Performance benchmarks
- Capabilities integration tests
All tests pass and code follows project standards.
* feat: add typed elicitation API with enhanced error handling
- Add new 'elicitation' feature that depends on 'client' and 'schemars'
- Implement elicit<T>() method for type-safe elicitation with automatic schema generation
- Remove convenience methods (elicit_confirmation, elicit_text_input, elicit_choice)
- Add ElicitationError enum with detailed error variants:
- Service: underlying service errors
- UserDeclined: user cancelled or declined request
- ParseError: response parsing failed with context
- NoContent: no response content provided
- Update documentation with comprehensive examples and error handling
- Add comprehensive tests for typed elicitation and error handling
* fix: correct elicitation direction to comply with MCP 2025-06-18
- Remove CreateElicitationRequest from ClientRequest - clients cannot initiate elicitation
- Move elicit methods from client to server - servers now request user input
- Add comprehensive direction tests verifying Server→Client→Server flow
- Maintain CreateElicitationResult in ClientResult for proper responses
- Update handlers to reflect correct message routing
- Add elicitation feature flag for typed schema generation
Fixes elicitation direction to match specification where servers request
interactive user input from clients, not the reverse.
* feat: add elicitation capability checking for server methods
- Add supports_elicitation() method to check client capabilities
- Add CapabilityNotSupported error variant to ElicitationError
- Update elicit_structured_input() to check capabilities before execution
- Update elicit<T>() method to check capabilities before execution
- Add comprehensive tests for capability checking functionality
- Tests verify that servers check client capabilities before sending elicitation requests
- Ensures compliance with MCP 2025-06-18 specification requirement
* fix: json rpc message schema
* fix: doc tests
* fix: cargo nightly fmt checks
* fix: clippy
* refactor: separate elicitation methods into dedicated impl block for RoleServer
- Move (supports_elicitation, elicit_structured_input, elicit) to separate impl block
- Move ElicitationError definition to elicitation methods section
- Keep base methods (create_message, list_roots, notify_*) in main impl block with macro
- Add section comments to distinguish general and elicitation-specific methods
* revert: rollback LATEST protocol version to V_2025_03_26
* fix: remove protocol version assertions
- Remove assertions for V_2025_06_18 protocol version
* fix: fmt checks
* feat: add timeout support for elicitation methods
- Add peer_req_with_timeout macro variants for timeout-enabled methods
- Implement create_elicitation_with_timeout() method
- Implement elicit_with_timeout() for typed elicitation with timeout
- Refactor elicit() to use elicit_with_timeout() internally
- Add 8 comprehensive timeout tests covering validation, error handling, and realistic scenarios
- Fix elicitation feature dependencies in Cargo.toml
- Add proper feature gates for elicitation-specific code
* feat: add timeout validation to prevent DoS attacks
- Add InvalidTimeout error variant for comprehensive validation
- Implement validate_timeout function with security limits (1ms-300s)
- Integrate validation into peer_req_with_timeout macros
- Add comprehensive security tests for timeout validation
- Prevent DoS attacks through unreasonable timeout values
* feat: separate UserDeclined and UserCancelled elicitation errors
According to MCP specification and PR feedback, decline and cancel
actions should be handled differently:
- UserDeclined: explicit user rejection (clicked "Decline", "No", etc.)
- UserCancelled: dismissal without explicit choice (closed dialog, Escape, etc.)
Changes:
- Split ElicitationError::UserDeclined into two distinct error types
- Update error handling logic to map each ElicitationAction correctly
- Improve documentation with proper action semantics
- Add comprehensive tests for new error types and action mapping
- Update examples to demonstrate proper error handling
This provides better error granularity allowing servers to handle
explicit declines vs cancellations appropriately as per MCP spec.
* feat: add compile-time type safety for elicitation methods
Add ElicitationSafe trait and elicit_safe\! macro to ensure elicit<T>()
methods are only used with types that generate appropriate JSON object
schemas, addressing type safety concerns from PR feedback.
Features:
- ElicitationSafe marker trait for compile-time constraints
- elicit_safe\! macro for opt-in type safety declaration
- Updated elicit<T> and elicit_with_timeout<T> to require ElicitationSafe bound
- Comprehensive documentation with examples and rationale
- Full test coverage for new type safety features
This prevents common mistakes like:
- elicit::<String>() - primitives not suitable for object schemas
- elicit::<Vec<i32>>() - arrays don't match client expectations
Breaking change: Existing code must add elicit_safe\!(TypeName) declarations
for types used with elicit methods. This is an intentional safety improvement.
* Revert "feat: add timeout validation to prevent DoS attacks"
This reverts commit 829624212b4fb55ec32566329af7ec195c987ef5.
* fix: correct doctest example in elicit_safe macro documentation
- Remove invalid async/await usage in doctest example
- Comment out the actual usage line to show intent without compilation errors
- Maintain clear documentation of the macro's purpose and usage
* refactor: remove redundant elicitation direction tests
- Remove test_elicitation_not_in_client_request (duplicated functionality)
- Remove redundant ServerRequest match in test_elicitation_direction_server_to_client
- Direction compliance is already verified by the remaining comprehensive test
- Reduces test fragility and maintenance burden
* feat: add elicitation example with user name collection
- Add elicitation server example demonstrating real MCP usage
- Implement greet_user tool with context.peer.elicit::<T>() API
- Show type-safe elicitation with elicit_safe! macro
- Include reset_name tool and MCP Inspector instructions
- Update examples documentation and dependencies
* fix: add Default impl to ElicitationServer for clippy
Resolves clippy::new_without_default warning by implementing
Default trait for ElicitationServer struct.
* feat: add output_schema field to Tool struct
- Add optional output_schema field to Tool struct for defining tool
output structure
- Update Tool::new() to initialize output_schema as None
* feat: add structured_content field to CallToolResult
- Add optional structured_content field for JSON object results
- Make content field optional to support either structured or
unstructured results
- Add CallToolResult::structured() and structured_error() constructor
methods
* feat: implement validation for mutually exclusive content/structuredContent
- Add validate() method to ensure content and structured_content are
mutually exclusive
- Implement custom Deserialize to enforce validation during
deserialization
- Update documentation to clarify the mutual exclusivity requirement
* feat: add output_schema support to #[tool] macro
- Add output_schema field to ToolAttribute and ResolvedToolAttribute
structs
- Implement automatic output schema generation from return types
- Support explicit output_schema attribute for manual specification
- Generate schemas for Result<T, E> where T is not CallToolResult
- Update tool generation to include output_schema in Tool struct
* feat: implement IntoCallToolResult for structured content
- Add Structured<T> wrapper type for explicit structured content
- Implement IntoCallToolResult for Structured<T> with JSON serialization
- Add support for Result<Structured<T>, E> conversions
- Enable tools to return structured content through the trait system
* fix: update simple-chat-client example for optional content field
- Handle Option<Vec<Content>> in CallToolResult.content
- Add proper unwrapping for the optional content field
- Fix compilation error in chat.rs
* fix: update examples and tests for optional content field
- Add output_schema field to Tool initialization in sampling_stdio
example
- Update test_tool_macros tests to handle Option<Vec<Content>>
- Use as_ref() before calling first() on optional content field
* feat: implement basic schema validation in conversion logic
- Add validate_against_schema function for basic type validation
- Add note that full JSON Schema validation requires dedicated library
- Document that actual validation should happen in tool handler
* feat: add structured output support for tools
- Add output_schema field to Tool struct for defining output JSON schemas
- Add structured_content field to CallToolResult (mutually exclusive with content)
- Implement Structured<T> wrapper for type-safe structured outputs
- Update #[tool] macro to automatically generate output schemas from return types
- Add validation of structured outputs against their schemas
- Update all examples and tests for breaking change (CallToolResult.content now Option)
- Add comprehensive documentation and rustdoc
- Add structured_output example demonstrating the feature
BREAKING CHANGE: CallToolResult.content is now Option<Vec<Content>> instead of Vec<Content>
Closes#312
* fix: correct structured output doctest to use Parameters wrapper
The #[tool] macro requires Parameters<T> wrapper for tool inputs.
This fixes the pre-existing broken doctest in the structured output
documentation example.
* feat: replace Structured<T> with Json<T> for structured output
- Remove Structured<T> type definition and implementations
- Reuse existing Json<T> wrapper for structured content
- Update IntoCallToolResult implementations to use Json<T>
- Add JsonSchema implementation for Json<T> delegating to T
- Update all examples and tests to use Json<T> instead of Structured<T>
- Update documentation and exports
BREAKING CHANGE: Structured<T> has been replaced with Json<T>. Users must update their code to use Json<T> for structured tool outputs.
* feat: add output_schema() method to IntoCallToolResult trait
- Add output_schema() method with default None implementation
- Implement output_schema() for Json<T> to return cached schema
- Implement output_schema() for Result<Json<T>, E> delegating to Json<T>
- Enable trait-based schema generation for structured outputs
* feat: update macro to detect Json<T> wrapper for output schemas
- Add extract_json_inner_type() helper to detect Json<T> types
- Update schema generation to only occur for Json<T> wrapped types
- Remove generic Result<T, E> detection in favor of specific Json<T> detection
- Add comprehensive tests to verify schema generation behavior
* feat: add builder methods to Tool struct for setting schemas
- Add with_output_schema<T>() method to set output schema from type
- Add with_input_schema<T>() method to set input schema from type
- Both methods use cached_schema_for_type internally
- Add comprehensive tests for builder methods
* fix: address clippy warnings
- Add Default implementation for StructuredOutputServer
- Fix collapsible else-if in simple-chat-client
- No functional changes
* style: apply cargo fmt
Apply automatic formatting changes to:
- examples/simple-chat-client/src/chat.rs - fix line wrapping
- crates/rmcp-macros/src/tool.rs - format method chaining
- examples/servers/src/structured_output.rs - reorder imports and format function signatures
* chore: fix formatting
* chore: fix rustdoc redundant link warning
* refactor: validate_against_schema
* feat: enforce structured_content usage when output_schema is defined
This commit implements strict validation to ensure tools with output_schema
consistently use structured_content for both success and error responses.
Changes:
- Enhanced ToolRouter::call() validation to require structured_content when output_schema is present
- Added validation that tools with output_schema cannot use regular content field
- Added comprehensive tests covering the new strict validation behavior
- Created example demonstrating proper structured output usage
- Updated TODO.md to track validation improvements
This ensures consistent response format and better type safety for MCP clients.
* chore: remove TODO.md
* refactor: simplify output schema extraction logic in tool macro
- Extract complex nested logic into dedicated helper function
- Replace deeply nested if-else chains with functional approach
- Use early returns and ? operator for cleaner code flow
- Reduce 46 lines to 7 lines in main logic while improving readability
* chore: run cargo fmt
* fix: enforce structured_content usage when output_schema is defined
Structured content is returned as a JSON object in the structuredContent
field of a result.For backwards compatibility, a tool that returns
structured content SHOULD also return the serialized JSON in a
TextContent block.
https://modelcontextprotocol.io/specification/2025-06-18/server/tools#structured-content
Tools may also provide an output schema for validation of structured
results. If an output schema is provided:
- Servers MUST provide structured results that conform to this schema.
- Clients SHOULD validate structured results against this schema.
https://modelcontextprotocol.io/specification/2025-06-18/server/tools#output-schema
* chore: cargo fmt
