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refactor(client,server): move stdio transports to ./stdio subpath export (#1871)

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Co-authored-by: Konstantin Konstantinov <KKonstantinov@users.noreply.github.com>
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Felix Weinberger 2026-04-29 14:48:36 +01:00 • committed by GitHub
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36 changed files with 194 additions and 31 deletions
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6
.changeset/stdio-subpath-export.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
---
'@modelcontextprotocol/client': minor
'@modelcontextprotocol/server': minor
---
Move stdio transports to a `./stdio` subpath export. Import `StdioClientTransport`, `getDefaultEnvironment`, `DEFAULT_INHERITED_ENV_VARS`, and `StdioServerParameters` from `@modelcontextprotocol/client/stdio`, and `StdioServerTransport` from `@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio`. The `@modelcontextprotocol/client` root entry no longer pulls in `node:child_process`, `node:stream`, or `cross-spawn`, fixing bundling for browser and Cloudflare Workers targets; the `@modelcontextprotocol/server` root entry drops its `node:stream` reference. Node.js, Bun, and Deno consumers update the import path; runtime behavior is unchanged.

1
CLAUDE.md
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@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ When modifying exports:
- Use explicit named exports, not `export *`, in package `index.ts` files and `core/public`.
- Adding a symbol to a package `index.ts` makes it public API — do so intentionally.
- Internal helpers should stay in the core internal barrel and not be added to `core/public` or package index files.
- The package root entry must stay runtime-neutral so browser and Cloudflare Workers bundlers can consume it. Exports whose module graph transitively touches unpolyfillable Node builtins (`node:child_process`, `node:net`, `cross-spawn`, etc.) must live at a named subpath export (e.g. `./stdio`) and be covered by a `barrelClean` test in that package.
### Transport System

3
README.md
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@ -95,7 +95,8 @@ npm install @modelcontextprotocol/hono hono
Here is what an MCP server looks like. This minimal example exposes a single `greet` tool over stdio:
```typescript
import { McpServer, StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { McpServer } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio';
import * as z from 'zod/v4';
const server = new McpServer({ name: 'greeting-server', version: '1.0.0' });

3
docs/client-quickstart.md
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@ -112,7 +112,8 @@ First, let's set up our imports and create the basic client class in `src/index.
```ts source="../examples/client-quickstart/src/index.ts#prelude"
import Anthropic from '@anthropic-ai/sdk';
import { Client, StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client';
import { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client';
import { StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client/stdio';
import readline from 'readline/promises';
const ANTHROPIC_MODEL = 'claude-sonnet-4-5';

2
docs/client.md
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@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ import {
SdkError,
SdkErrorCode,
SSEClientTransport,
StdioClientTransport,
StreamableHTTPClientTransport
} from '@modelcontextprotocol/client';
import { StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client/stdio';
```
## Connecting to a server

6
docs/migration-SKILL.md
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@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Replace all `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/...` imports using this table.
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/auth.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/client` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/streamableHttp.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/client` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/sse.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/client` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/stdio.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/client` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/stdio.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/client/stdio` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/websocket.js` | REMOVED (use Streamable HTTP or stdio; implement `Transport` for custom needs) |
### Server imports
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ Replace all `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/...` imports using this table.
| ---------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/server` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/index.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/server` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/server` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/streamableHttp.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/node` (class renamed to `NodeStreamableHTTPServerTransport`) OR `@modelcontextprotocol/server` (web-standard `WebStandardStreamableHTTPServerTransport` for Cloudflare Workers, Deno, etc.) |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/sse.js` | REMOVED (migrate to Streamable HTTP) |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/auth/*` | RS helpers (`requireBearerAuth`, `mcpAuthMetadataRouter`, `OAuthTokenVerifier`) → `@modelcontextprotocol/express`; AS helpers removed (use external IdP/OAuth library) |
@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Replace all `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/...` imports using this table.
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/transport.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/client` or `@modelcontextprotocol/server` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/uriTemplate.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/client` or `@modelcontextprotocol/server` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/auth.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/client` or `@modelcontextprotocol/server` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/stdio.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/client` or `@modelcontextprotocol/server` |
| `@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/shared/stdio.js` | `@modelcontextprotocol/client` or `@modelcontextprotocol/server` (`ReadBuffer`, `serializeMessage`, `deserializeMessage` are in the root barrel; the `./stdio` subpath only has the transport class) |
Notes:

6
docs/migration.md
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@ -50,8 +50,10 @@ import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js'
**After (v2):**
```typescript
import { Client, StreamableHTTPClientTransport, StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client';
import { McpServer, StdioServerTransport, WebStandardStreamableHTTPServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { Client, StreamableHTTPClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client';
import { StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client/stdio';
import { McpServer, WebStandardStreamableHTTPServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio';
// Node.js HTTP server transport is in the @modelcontextprotocol/node package
import { NodeStreamableHTTPServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/node';

3
docs/server-quickstart.md
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@ -127,7 +127,8 @@ Now let's dive into building your server.
Add these to the top of your `src/index.ts`:
```ts source="../examples/server-quickstart/src/index.ts#prelude"
import { McpServer, StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { McpServer } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio';
import * as z from 'zod/v4';
const NWS_API_BASE = 'https://api.weather.gov';

3
docs/server.md
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@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
import { createMcpExpressApp } from '@modelcontextprotocol/express';
import { NodeStreamableHTTPServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/node';
import type { CallToolResult, ResourceLink } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { completable, McpServer, ResourceTemplate, StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { completable, McpServer, ResourceTemplate } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio';
import * as z from 'zod/v4';
```

3
examples/client-quickstart/src/index.ts
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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
//#region prelude
import Anthropic from '@anthropic-ai/sdk';
import { Client, StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client';
import { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client';
import { StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client/stdio';
import readline from 'readline/promises';
const ANTHROPIC_MODEL = 'claude-sonnet-4-5';

1
examples/client-quickstart/tsconfig.json
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@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
"forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,
"paths": {
"@modelcontextprotocol/client": ["./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/client/src/index.ts"],
"@modelcontextprotocol/client/stdio": ["./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/client/src/stdio.ts"],
"@modelcontextprotocol/client/_shims": ["./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/client/src/shimsNode.ts"],
"@modelcontextprotocol/core": [
"./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/client/node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/core/src/index.ts"

2
examples/client/src/clientGuide.examples.ts
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@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ import {
SdkError,
SdkErrorCode,
SSEClientTransport,
StdioClientTransport,
StreamableHTTPClientTransport
} from '@modelcontextprotocol/client';
import { StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/client/stdio';
//#endregion imports
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1
examples/client/tsconfig.json
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@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
"paths": {
"*": ["./*"],
"@modelcontextprotocol/client": ["./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/client/src/index.ts"],
"@modelcontextprotocol/client/stdio": ["./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/client/src/stdio.ts"],
"@modelcontextprotocol/client/_shims": ["./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/client/src/shimsNode.ts"],
"@modelcontextprotocol/core": [
"./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/client/node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/core/src/index.ts"

3
examples/server-quickstart/src/index.ts
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@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
//#region prelude
import { McpServer, StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { McpServer } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio';
import * as z from 'zod/v4';
const NWS_API_BASE = 'https://api.weather.gov';

1
examples/server-quickstart/tsconfig.json
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@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
"forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,
"paths": {
"@modelcontextprotocol/server": ["./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/server/src/index.ts"],
"@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio": ["./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/server/src/stdio.ts"],
"@modelcontextprotocol/server/_shims": ["./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/server/src/shimsNode.ts"],
"@modelcontextprotocol/core": [
"./node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/server/node_modules/@modelcontextprotocol/core/src/index.ts"

3
examples/server/src/arktypeExample.ts
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@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
* ArkType implements the Standard Schema spec with built-in JSON Schema conversion.
*/
import { McpServer, StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { McpServer } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio';
import { type } from 'arktype';
const server = new McpServer({

3
examples/server/src/mcpServerOutputSchema.ts
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@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
* This demonstrates how to easily create tools with structured output
*/
import { McpServer, StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { McpServer } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio';
import * as z from 'zod/v4';
const server = new McpServer({

3
examples/server/src/serverGuide.examples.ts
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@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
import { createMcpExpressApp } from '@modelcontextprotocol/express';
import { NodeStreamableHTTPServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/node';
import type { CallToolResult, ResourceLink } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { completable, McpServer, ResourceTemplate, StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { completable, McpServer, ResourceTemplate } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio';
import * as z from 'zod/v4';
//#endregion imports

3
examples/server/src/toolWithSampleServer.ts
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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
// Run with: pnpm tsx src/toolWithSampleServer.ts
import { McpServer, StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { McpServer } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio';
import * as z from 'zod/v4';
const mcpServer = new McpServer({

3
examples/server/src/valibotExample.ts
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@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
* StandardJSONSchemaV1-compliant schemas.
*/
import { McpServer, StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { McpServer } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server';
import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/server/stdio';
import { toStandardJsonSchema } from '@valibot/to-json-schema';
import * as v from 'valibot';

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